Analysis Of Adam Watson's Evolution Of International Society
national politics Adam Watson’s Evolution of International Society gave a new dimension in the understanding of international relations (IR). He deeply studied comparatively the formation of international society and political community of the past which has evolved into the modern world system in his ‘Evolution of International Society’. Unlike Kenneth Waltz views of anarchy as the only system in IR, Watson says there are two systems viz. anarchy and hierarchy. In between these systems is the hegemony which defines the contemporary IR. According to Watson, there cannot be case in which there is absolute anarchy or hierarchy but between the two which he used pendulum as a metaphor. International politics is explained through the terms of empire, dominion, suzerainty and independence. Order prevails in the empire and away from the core of the empire exist the anarchic system. Watson argues against the notion that the interactions between the independent states in IR is far from possibility. He says the existence of a dominant power always exercise hegemonial authority thereby creating a norms under which independent states interact with each other. This conceptual framework of states existing under certain prescribes norms finds relevant in the contemporary IR more likely after the Treaty of Westphalia. This hegemonic world order needs to be explained from an approach which best predicts events and affairs in the international system. Looking at the larger factors concerning
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