In his article “White Ignorance, ” Charles Mills argues that ignorance has largely contributed to the creation and segregation of racial and gender groups. He supports his case by identifying the “originally solitary Cartesian cognizer,” which is the imperialistic British state of mind where whites, especially white males, were dominant, and the historical implications of that state of mind, specifically the idea that all non-whites were inferior in thought process and mannerisms therefore do not deserve the time of day required to be understood. Although he labels this ignorance “white ignorance,” he does not limit this intentional ignorance to just white males or the repercussions to racial separation. Instead he designates it as a specific way of thinking that encourages ignorance in favor of the dominant party in a given situation. At the end of his article, Mills comes to the conclusion that ignorance, in general, is damaging to society, specifically interactions between people, and comes up with …show more content…
For the first objection, I would agree. The unknown will eventually come up, but it wouldn’t come before building a relationship. Once trust and respect have been established, the individual is willing to open up and satisfy any unknown that still applies, As for the second objection, I understand the fear that goes along with this objection. But consider the emotional level of the individual being questioned. Given an incident where the man and the woman began to converse and the man began interrogating the woman in an attempt to cure the unknown, feeling vulnerable, the woman would instead withdraw and refuse to talk or perhaps even leave. Not asking and refusing to know would create a level of trust where the unknown is voluntarily
In Charles Smith’s “Free Man of Color” dilemmas between John Newton Templeton and the philosophies of “training” versus “education are ever prevalent throughout the play. As Robert Wilson prepares John to become the Governor of Liberia, John personally takes into account these concepts as he continues at Ohio University, and continues on with Robert’s plans. When John first arrives at the Wilson household, it doesn’t take long before he questions the concepts of education versus training. Throughout the stay Robert convinces John that he is to attend Ohio University to gain an education, yet when John and Jane Wilson are alone she reveals that the true reason behind John’s attendance is merely a training to become Governor of Liberia.
Jeremy Dowsett is determined in countering the racist arguments that are prevailing in the current world. He is not happy about the “white privilege” that the blacks and other non-whites direct to the white people in the society. The author does not like hearing another person telling him about "white privilege" because of his color. Dowsett uses the bicycle formula to explain how the blacks are the minority in a particular place such as the US, hence, perceiving most of the opportunities that the whites obtain as a result of “white privilege.” In his analogy, he recounts how drivers acted aggressively towards him whenever he tries to share the road with them.
One of the most strived for things in life is academic excellence however the path to it is never easy. Author Thompson Ford’s article “How To Understand Acting White” outlines Stuart Bucks arguments about the irony of desegregation in education. A separate essay written by, Alfred Lubrano, “The Shock of Education: How College Corrupts” has similar ironies about the average college student. If Ford was to read Lubrano’s essay, Ford would come to a more complex conclusion by incorporating arguments and concepts from Lubrano’s essay. Ford may utilize Lubrano’s essay to expand on certain concepts such as the proximity effect, socioeconomics, and the level of education in top tier schools to further explain the “acting white” phenomenon from his own article.
In Jungle Fever, Spike Lee focuses on the interracial politics by exposing the audience to the social taboo of the mixed-race relationships. The movie is a social commentary of the directors’ personal convictions about interracial intimacies. Likewise, Do the Right Thing (1989), the film was influenced by a real life incident that took place in the summer of 1989 at Bensonhurst neighborhood in New York City. The opening frame of the film is a dedication to the memory of Yusef K. Hawkins, an African-American sixteen-year-old boy who was shot to death by few Italian-American locals. Hawkins visited the neighborhood with his friends in order to buy a used car, but the gang members attacked him for dating an Italian-American girl from the neighborhood.
The major thesis in this book, are broken down into two components. The first is how we define racism, and the impact that definition has on how we see and understand racism. Dr. Beverly Tatum chooses to use the definition given by “David Wellman that defines racism as a system of advantages based on race” (1470). This definition of racism helps to establish Dr. Tatum’s theories of racial injustice and the advantages either willingly or unwillingly that white privilege plays in our society today. The second major thesis in this book is the significant role that a racial identity has in our society.
In George Whitefield’s article towards Southern Slaveholders, Whitefield expresses his terror towards the unhuman treatment of slaves by their Christian owners. Whitefield believes that as Christians, these slaveholders have the duty to care for their workers just as God calls upon them to do or else they will face the consequences for their sin. In this article, Whitefield’s purpose is to inform Christians of their sin in hope that they will change their treatment towards slaves. Whitefield article allows readers to view that his statements were meant to change the way slaves were treated by slave owners nonetheless he understands that buying slaves is sinful but legal. George goes on to compare the brutal treatment of slaves to the fair treatment of domestic animals by their owners.
By presenting this Bernstein argues that the more diverse the society gets, the better understanding of race and racial images is adapted and lesser the tension between different races and cultures, to maintain harmony in the society. This reflects back to the younger generations being able to racially identify themselves and others through popular culture. This proves that racism is a method of prejudice in our society, cancelling out price’s claim. The idea of racial prejudice develops overtime, with respect to diversification.
In the essay, “A Genealogy of Modern Racism”, the author Dr. Cornel West discusses racism in depth, while conveying why whites feel this sense of superiority. We learn through his discussion that whites have been forced to treat black harshly due to the knowledge that was given to them about the aesthetics of beauty and civility. This knowledge that was bestowed on the whites in the modern West, taught them that they were superior to all races tat did not emulate the norms of whites. According to Dr. West the very idea that blacks were even human beings is a concept that was a “relatively new discovery of the modern West”, and that equality of beauty, culture, and intellect in blacks remains problematic and controversial in intellectual circles
W.E.B. DuBois, one of the pioneers in Critical Whiteness Studies, emphasizes the interrelation between “the relative invisibility of whiteness” (ibid.) and the maintenance of white supremacy, which underlines the political nature of Critical Whiteness Studies insofar as its premise is to question and challenge existing societal structures. According to Frankenberg, whiteness is a construction or an identity that is inseparable from racialized dominance (ibid.: 9). White therefore refers to a position in racism as a system for categorizing racialized groups and for the identity formation of the subject positions within racism
John Alvord, who despite being avid anti-slavery, proclaimed that whilst he valued the education of the freed people, he believed black people were naturally inferior to whites regarding intellectual and reasoning skills. Doubts over the natural ability of black people’s brains to process information continued even when young people proved they were able to cope with lessons on the same level as their white peers. August Stickier noted that whilst black children could retain basics such as the alphabet he unfairly questioned whether black children would progress parallel to whites within higher education. These powerful, white men from the North were extremely influential in precluding black access to higher education and maintaining the
Even though the group of minorities seem to be increasing, “such as Asian Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and African Americans, whiteness still conveys an ideology of privilege and power,” (Blank,
Fahad Albrahim Response 1: Review/Summary: “Whiteness as property” is an article written by Cheryl Harris, in which she addresses the subject of racial identity and property in the United States. Throughout the article, professor Harris attempts to explain how the concept of whiteness was initiated to become a form of racial identity, which evolved into a property widely protected in American law (page 1713). Harris tackles a number of facts that describe the roots of whiteness as property in American history at the expense of minorities such as Black and American natives (page 1709). Additionally, Harris describes how whiteness as property evolved to become seen as a racial privilege in which the whites gained more benefits, whether
As a result of its invisibility, the predominant systems of white racism operate on an unconscious level (McIntosh, 1988). White people have come to adopt certain physical and mental ways of interacting in the world that lack conscious attention and reflection which ultimately perpetuate systems of white privilege (Sullivan, 2006). White
As a young country, the United States was a land of prejudice and discrimination. Wanting to grow their country, white Americans did what they had to in order to make sure that they were always on top, and that they were always the superior race. It did not matter who got hurt along the way because everything that they did was eventually justified by their thinking that all other races were inferior to them. A Different Mirror by Ronald Takaki describes the prejudice and discrimination against African Americans and Native Americans in the early history of the United States.
How he was raised and what was going on is a huge determinant of what he believed in and what he wanted to see change within the world. This is both a positive and negative trait in regards to how someone conducts their research and in what they publish. Within this paper I will be showing that Ashley Montagu was a forward-thinking individual and helped bring positive change within the thought process of certain societies during a very pivotal time in history and that even though his works didn’t completely change everyone’s mentality on race, he certainly helped effect