Comparing Frederick Engels And Karl Marx's The Communist Manifesto

Karl Marx introduced the theory of class struggle during the industrialisation period that emphasised on one’s financial status. However in this contemporary society, Marx’s monolithic theory fails to encompass other aspects of social life. Building upon Marx’s theory of class struggle, Pierre Bourdieu sets out to rethink the factors involved in the stratification of classes. The addition of cultural capital to economic capital was amongst the many capitals Bourdieu suggested in determining the class of an individual in this society where ‘capital’ is interpreted as a “set of actually usable resources and power” (Bourdieu, 1979, p.114) that allows one to invest and gain returns. Economic capital is wealth and income one accumulates, while cultural

To Hegel, ethical life has three components which are civil society, family and government. Those components make understanding freedom and articulation of reason at higher stage easier. However, Marx’s critique of Hegel’s philosophy of the state allowed him to see that both civil society and the state were alien to a truly human life, which at that time he called ‘true democracy’ . (Smith) Economic bases is significant for social analysis of Marx. Productive forces and relations of production are the key concepts of his analysis.

Aqsa Khalid Miss Kanza Javed Modern Novel II 25th April 2016 Application of Marxist Criticism on “The Kite Runner” by Khaled Hosseini Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a German philosopher, theorist and historian. He thoroughly studied the social organizations and came to the conclusion that human history was full of constant struggle and clash between classes. He divided the society into two classes. One is the Bourgeoisie- which is the possessor of all the means of sources of production and income of a society. And the second one is Proletariat which is the laborer or the working class.

From Marx’s perspective, social class is identified as a group of people sharing common relations to the means of production that support their wellbeing (Marx, 1981). In his work, Marx focused on two antagonistic classes of capitalists and workers to demonstrate uneven distribution of material resources and exploitation power, also rooted in economic relations, within society. Hence, in the Marxian framework, social position could be treated as a unidimensional construct. Weber extended Marx’s analytical scheme by introducing additional components of social position, “status” and “party”. Status, or prestige,

About modern punishment theory, Marx and Durkheim discuss from two different Aspects. Durkheim focuses on the origin of punishment theory. He makes the frame to express how and why crime is the social fact in human society. Furthermore, Durkheim believes punishment has the positive influence on society even as the functional symbol in human society. Differently, Marx has little directly points about criminal and punishment theory.

Karl Marx’s Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 presented through his writings this kind of alarming condition which he called the Estranged Labor. He further discussed what merely the cause of an alienated labor. In the text, Political economy is further explained through the level of usefulness of such worker and that shows to very poor quality of work but it is opposite in reality hence the workers shows their ability to produce high quality and meaningful products. Private property is the primary cause why alienated labor exists. Without private property, workers or laborers would not also exist.

Karl Marx: Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx attempts to explain the goals of Communism. It aims to cover the theory of this movement as well. Throughout his discussion he argues about class struggles and the exploitation of one class by another. He expresses the motivation behind all historical developments. The Communist Manifesto has four sections.

Marxism is a system of economic, social, and political philosophy based on ideas that view social change in terms of economic factors. A general opinion is that the means of production is the economic base that impacts or resolves the political life. Marxist literary theory of how everything relates back to wealth and social and financial status, reflecting on the economical experiences of Fitzgerald. It is clear that Fitzgerald has a Marxist message in the way he develops his characters in his novel. In the Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald demonstrates the concept of Marxist critique through social-economic relationships and conflicts that it can create.

"What the bourgeoisie, therefore, produces, above all, is its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable" (Marx, 1848). Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels famous work ‘ The communist manifesto’ is on of the most influential doctrines on the theory of Marxism. Marxism, as concluded from Marx and Engels is a conflict theory, which means that it believes that society is based on inequality and unequal distribution of power and wealth. The Marxist methodology uses economic and sociopolitical inquiry and employs that to the critique and analyse the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change.

The ideology developed at the time when people with a lot of wealth regarding land and money were being given high status in the society, and it is believed that they had strong control over those that were considered to be of a lower class ( Last 88) . So, Marx viewed society as a structure formulated depending on the way people achieve certain things for survival. Consequently, these obtained things relied on the infrastructure and this was regarded as an economic base that led to the capitalist system which was benefiting the rich people against the lower class. Thus, the system was composed of social institutions, for example, education, family, political, as well as a religion within the