Within The Unnatural Lottery: Character and Moral Luck, Claudia Card makes a rather bold assertion that rape can be categorized as a terrorist institution. From this approach, Card notes that an institution is an organization “defined by rules” which essentially “establish[es] roles and positions…and [can] create or withdraw power” from said roles and positions (100). Based off of this definition, it is logical to link rape to this meaning, seeing as how the primary intention of rape is to create the “subordination and subservience of women to men” (101). With this in mind, Card then connects the institution of rape to terrorism through implementing the idea that terrorist acts “manipulate target populations into compliance” with conditions …show more content…
To many individuals, sexual predators are stereotyped as “weirdos lurking in the bushes” or as stalkers of “women who walk alone” (106). From a critic’s perspective, it seems as if Card has overemphasized her allegation that rape is an institution. Here, Card is making the aggregate of rape cases into something that it is not. According to Card’s definition of an institution, there are “rules that establish roles and positions” as well as the “distribut[ion] of responsibilities and opportunities” (100). However, rapists and sexual predators do not have a set rulebook that they follow, nor do the rapists have a duty to carry out. A second argument regarding Card’s assertion that rape is a terrorist institution takes into consideration that no one is benefiting from this “institution,” if it is to be deemed as one. Another portion of Card’s definition of what constitutes as an institution is that the society surrounding it is “supporting and benefiting from such institutions” (101). However, if this explanation is true, then it is quite difficult, if not impossible, to decipher what segment of society can be said to benefit from rape. When viewed from a third party perspective, it appears that no one is profiting from this act. In addition, surely men do not want to be …show more content…
According to Card, a continued explanation of what makes an institution so, is that it “offers incentives sufficient to motivate individuals” (101). Aside from the rapists’ personal motives for committing the crime, there are also a few notable societal advantages. Because certain behaviors are “guided and evaluated by its norms,” it should be taken into consideration how rapists are sympathized with for having psychological issues that are not actually there. From this, one can only deduce that throughout all of this, the patriarchal nature of society is disallowing women to have any sort of significant power within the community. Within her writing, Card brings up the concept of “sexual politics,” which can be defined as “social norms” that “create and define” the dispersal of power “between members of the sexes” (100). In a patriarchal society, this power is not distributed equally among the sexes; the control is primarily given to the male. Rape plays a large role within the patriarchal society because it helps maintain the distribution of power in favor of the male. Essentially, the paramount task of rape is the “subordination and subservience of women to men” (107). The objective of rape has remained constant throughout history and has allowed the
For my generation when many of female friends go off to college their parents teach them not to walk home alone late at night in fear of rape, it is such a common occurrence that a friend of mine has taken to carrying around pepper spray. There is a company called women on guard that provide personal safety equipment for its customers. The problem with this is that young women are taught to be on guard for a shadowy figure attacking them at night and not that “60 to 80 percent of rapes are date or acquaintance rape.” (Koss, Dinero, Siebel, and Cox 1988: 217) The essay “Fraternities and Collegiate Rape Culture: Why are Some Fraternities More Dangerous Places for Women?” by A. Ayres Boswell and Joan Z. Spade differs by acknowledging who
Many people would die to win the lottery; in the short story “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson you would do anything NOT to win this lottery. This annual lottery reveals the negative aspects of this town’s Tradition, Savagery, Barbarism, and cold-heartedness. In this paper I will show why this town blindly follows these customs, not because it’s a tradition but because of the accepting wickedness that can be shown. Why does the town follow this foolish tradition? Throughout “The Lottery” the narrator tells that the people do not remember how the lottery began, and that some of the older people believe the lottery has changed over the years, that now people just want to get it over with as fast as possible.
Shirley Jackson, author of "The Lottery" portrayed the short story of death when a person wins the raffle in order to unravel the idea of population control. In the first paragraph, it said, “... there were only about three hundred people…” (1) Jackson used two key words: only and about. The population was neither exactly three hundred people, or was there about three hundred people. This foreshadows that something will happen to the population of the village.
Others may say that society does not have the power to erase one 's humanity. Because there will always people who don 't believe in what others are doing. “...as the villagers moved on her. “It isn 't far.” she said.
Traditions have been sought after and passed on for generations; with no questions asked, whether humane or not, traditions are hard to break and diminish as they are often what a culture or community stands for. In Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery”, a story about the tradition of a small village, is painted in impeccable details of peace, and serenity on a warm summer day, as everyone follows the tradition they have known since a long time ago despite the true intentions and meaning of it forgotten. The Lottery taking place annually is like no other lottery, it paints the true picture of the horror that epitomizes the tradition that none of the villagers dare to question, despite it creating separation between gender and families and ruining
“The Lottery" is a verdict of depraved tradition of a community. The story surrounds a town where the lottery is drawn every year as a sacrifice ritual one 's life for a good fertile crop. The lottery rose up public opinions when it first published in 1948. It is a piece of Shirley Jackson in which she wrote about inhumanity and violence among human based on her real experience when she moved to a small town and was rejected by its people. Shirley Jackson always believed in sinful spirit within each individual self as her writing style portrayed the vicious side of her and people 's souls, “The dark current of awareness of evil that runs through her life and work seems too strong to have as its sole root the observance of suburban hypocrisy” (Judy Oppenhaimer).
As a response to the systemic, widespread and massive rape campaign carried out against Bosnian Muslims and Croat women and girls during the 1992 to 1995 Bosnian War, the 1993 United Nations Security Council Resolution 827 (UN Security Council, 1993), as a preamble to the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), contains the first ever documented UN reference to rape committed during armed conflict or rape as a violation of international humanitarian law (Schott, 2011, p. 5). The United Nations has identified four types of war rape. These four types include opportunistic rape, which is random; political rape, which defines the woman as property and frequently incorporates public rapes as a means
Annotated Bibliography 1. Jackson The Lottery By: Yarmove, Jay A. Explicator. Summer94, Vol. 52 Issue 4, p242. 4p.
Recent headlines have highlighted the fact that rape culture is prevalent in our society, most noticeably on college campuses. To understand why this is a social issue we first have to understand what rape culture entails. Rape culture is a set of assumptions that reinforces male sexual aggression and disregards violence against females (Hildebrand & Najdowski, 2015, p. 1062). Simplified, it is an environment where sexual violence is normalized and most of the time excused. One out of five females in the United States are sexually assaulted by a male at some point in their lifetime (Hildebrand & Najdowski, 2015, p. 1059) and college aged females are four times more likely to be a victim of rape than any other age group (Burnett et al.,
Both “the lottery” by Shirley Jackson and “first they came” by Martin Niemoller deal with following the crowd can have disastrous consequences. If you follow the crowd sometimes we can get in trouble for someone else. And if someone is doing something stupid and they told you to come or do it with them you can get in trouble for that to. “The lottery” had some sketchy history be hide it. Some people think if you win a lottery you win a prize like money or a new car but not in this story if you win the lottery you win death.
The Lottery Template Topic Sentence: One can see by examining the symbolism of the worn out black box, and the foreshadowing of the children putting rocks in their pockets in the The Lottery by Shirley Jackson, that this story is a classic archetypal horror story. Argument: Firstly, one can see that when Mr. Summers arrived at the square carrying a black wooden box, he asked the villagers if anyone would give him a hand with putting the box on the three- legged stool, however, many hesitated to come near the black box, a symbolic twist that foreshadows the imminent ending. The black box has been used for generations, even before the oldest villager. It has been said that the current box was made from the pieces of the
The Poisonwood Bible by Barbara Kingsolver shows the women of the Congo as being the workers of the family. They take care of the children, going so far as to carry them around constantly once they reach a certain age, and they are responsible for all the housework. The females are seen as capable and have many responsibilities. In spite of this, the reality for the real women of the Congo is that they are in constant fear of being a victim of sexual violence. Sexual violence can happen anywhere, but in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) it occurs on a daily basis (Ganzamungu and Maharaj 737).
“The Lottery”, a short story by Shirley Jackson, is about a lottery that takes place in a small village. The story starts off with the whole town gathering in the town square, where Mr. Summers holds the lottery. Once everyone gathers, every family draws a slip of paper out of an old black box, and the family with the black mark on their paper gets picked. After that, each family member older than 3 years of age re-draws a slip of paper again and this time, the person with the black mark on their paper gets picked as the “lucky winner” of the lottery. In this short story, after the Hutchinson family gets drawn, Tessie Hutchinson is declared “winner” of the lottery, with her reward is being stoned to death.
In a society that is heavily influenced by mass media, women are repeatedly compartmentalized into unrealistic, and often degrading standards of appearance and sexuality. Doris Bazzini’s research on magazines and Caroline Heldman’s blog explores themes related to a woman’s appearance, while Jessica Valenti elaborates on the concept of virginity in her essay titled, “The Purity Myth”. Despite the diversity in scope when it comes to womanhood, there is a numerous set of expectations that a female must fit in order to be “ideal”. However, this checklist is so specific and debasing that it renders the criteria useless. The three main pre-requisites in being the ideal woman include physical attractiveness, sexual accessibility, and purity.
Violence against women has been present in the United States and around the world since the formation of patriarchal family structures. This type of family structures advocated for the implementation of traditionalist gender roles. In the twentieth century, the patriarchal family structures are still enforced by many cultures in the United States. The sociopolitical repression against women led to the increase of domestic violence rates in different racial and ethnic groups. Historically, men were entitled to work in order to bring resources to the family (Breadwinner).