Letter on Colonization, Addressed to the Rev. Thornton J. Mills, Corresponding Secretary of the Kentucky Colonization Society. New York: Office of the Antislavery Reporter, 1834. This is one of the many writings of James Birney, an antislavery leader, born Danville, Kentucky, and educated at Princeton University.
The first team of this missionary was Dr. K.G. Pfander, Robert Clarke and Major Martin. This missionary had very close connection with British rulers and with high officials. In start it was mostly confined to high class people but later on it diverted to the depressed classes such as Chuhras in Punjab. In 1853, Sir Herbert Edward, the British Commissioner of Peshawar, established the Edward Mission High School in Rethi Bazzar near Chowk Yadgar Peshawar.
At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the British decided to trade with a large country full of new and attractive resources. They wanted the right to trade and do business there and they aim for it until they finally succeeded. By the late eighteenth century and by the early nineteenth century, after that the British government was ruling India and already well-anchored, riots occurred. Even then, Britain remained in control. Finally, India became one of the most important, famous and illustrious outposts of the British Empire among all its colonies.
Major Findings: (1) Gandhiji’s educational philosophy reflects idealism. (2) Gandhiji’s educational philosophy is consistent with biological naturalism. (3) Gandhiji advocated a pragmatic approach towards the education of Indians through Basic Craft as the centre of education. (4) Gandhiji’s views on education are reflected in various forms in the reports of: (i) the Zakir Hussain Committee, (ii) the Education commission 1964-66, (iii) the Ishwar Bhai Patel /Review Committee 1977, (iv) the Adiseshiah Committee 1978, (v) the National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, (vi) the Report of the Ramamurty Committee, 1990 for review of NPE 1986, and (vii) the introduction of vocational courses and their success uphold Gandhiji’s pragmatic view on education
He was elected Member of the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 1926 for three years. In 1930 Iqbal was elected President of the Muslim League session held at Allahabad. In 1931 he attended the Round Table Conference which met in London to frame a constitution for India and took active Part in its sundry committees. He was the first to give a concrete shape to the Muslim aspirations in India for 'a separate homeland '. Along with Muhammad Ali Jinnah, he is considered as one of the
589 Foundation of state and the Treaty of Amritsar: The treaty was concluded between the British Government on the one part and Maharajah Gulab Singh of Jammu on the other part. The British officials included Frederick Currie, Esq. and Brevet-Major Henry Montgomery Lawrence, they were acting under the orders of the Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Hardinge, G.C.B., one of her Britannic Majesty 's most Honorable Privy Council, Governor-General of the East India Company, to direct and control all the affairs in the Indian Sub-continent and by Maharajah Gulab Singh in person.
Narayan highlights the social context and everyday life of his characters, and he was highly esteemed writer. Introduction: R. K. Narayan, was born in the age of British India , has been regarded as one of India’s greatest writers of the twentieth century. He is compared with William Faulkner and Chekhov in writing style and humour. R.K. Narayan started his prolific writing career with this novel Swami and Friends written in 1935.Narayan’s mentor and friend, Graham Greene involved in getting publishers for Narayan’s some books, including the semi-autobiographical trilogy of Swami and Friends. Graham Green called this novel is a work of “remarkable maturity, and of the finest promise…and is the boldest gamble a novelist can take”.
INTRODUCTION: English language entered India during the British rule. After the Battle of Plassey (1757) the British rulers expended their empire in many territories of India. During hundred years between (1757-1857 many major states of India such as Bengal and Maratha were ceded to British Empire. Kolkata became thecapital of British India and British rulers began to influence the intellectuals of India through their culture, language and literature. Some scholars think that English language and education came to India after the Macaulay’s Minute.
A political beginner during the first decade of the century, Jinnah had become a political leader before Gandhi returned to India. After firmly established in the legal profession, Jinnah entered in politics in 1905 from the platform of the Indian National Congress. He went to England in that year with Gopal Krishna, as a member of a Congress delegation to support the cause of India Self- government during the British elections. A year later, he designated as Secretary of Dadabhai Noaroji, then Indian National Congress President, which was considered a great honors for a politician. Here, in Calcutta Congress session (December 1906), he also made his first speech to support the resolution on self-government.
Woodraw Wilson (1887) defines public administration as: “detailed and systematic execution of public law (The Study of Administration, Political Science Quarterly 2)”. Public administration plays a role in successful governance as machinery is to a part of a manufactured product. Max Weber (1978) on the other hand propagates that: “economy, society and religion also have an effect on public administration (Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology)”. He therefore believes that a bureaucratic or structured government should be considered a more rational and efficient form of organisation and leadership. Nigeria has gained independence from British rule in 1960 and has witnessed four civil republics and several military interventions