Thomas Cole's Empire: Consummation Of Empire

The 1920s saw the growth of popular recreation, in part because of higher wages and increased leisure time. Just as automobiles were mass-produced, so was recreation during the 1920s. Mass-circulations magazines like Reader’s Digest and Time (established 1923) enjoyed enormous success. Radio also rose to prominence as a source of news and entertainment during the 1920s: NBC was founded in 1926 and CBS a year later. Movies were the most popular leisure attraction of the times, making stars out of Charlie Chaplin, Rudolph Valentino, Gloria Swanson, and Mary Pickford. But with economic success and a cultural renaissance, came political isolationism, a wide gap between wealthy and poor, as well as new forms of racism.

Lane, Kris E. Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas 1500-1750 (M.E. Sharpe Inc., 1998).

The past history for Americans convey the idea of despotism and tyranny by the government. Therefore, Sullivan utilize the idea of American’s past to justify the idea of expansion for the reason that Sullivan wants to persuade Americans that the expansion to the west would build a renovated and great nation. Moreover, Sullivan illustrates the idea of a new government that will bring equality and freedom that Americans did not have under the control of the Mother Land, Great Britain. Sullivan demonstrates this idea in his work when he writes “On the contrary, our nation birth was the beginning of a new history, the formation and progress of an untried political system, which separates us form the past and connects us with the future only; and

This painting shows George Washington, then a general in the American Revolutionary War, crossing the Delaware River with his troops on the night of Dec. 25, 1776. The crossing immediately advanced Washington 's surprise attack on the Hessian forces in the Battle of Trenton. Although the painting portrays a historic part of the American Revolution, it was spuriously painted by Emanuel Leutze, an artist born in Germany. Moreover, where the original was actually painted.

Augustus wrote the Deeds of The Devine Augustus, it was a first person account of his rule over Rome. It was written before his death in 14 A.D. Augustus wrote this document as part autobiography and part last will and testament. The main story line of The Deed of The Devine Augustus describes Augustus’ political career, his military success, and ultimately serves as propaganda to inspire the Romans to continue in the path of his empire.

Sculpture was one of the most popular forms of art in the ancient world. In cultures all around the globe, from Mayan culture to Roman, relief sculpture could portray the most significant aspects from said cultures. In this specific example, Stele D Portraying Ruler 13 (Copan, Honduras, 736 CE, Mayan) and the Column of Trajan (Forum of Trajan, Rome, Italy, High Empire), both portray significant rulers from their times, as well as fundamental narratives detailing occurrences in the times.

The legendary Roman Empire lasted from 753 B.C.E. all the way until 1453 A.D. However Rome split in two at about 395 A.D. which crippled the ancient Rome we know. So really ancient Rome lived from 753 B.C.E. to 476 A.D. But the name of Rome continued on in the Byzantine empire for about another 1000 years. Yet many people nowadays still refer to Rome as one of the greatest ancient civilizations of all time. They thought this because Rome was leaps and bounds ahead of others in military, political, economic,architectural, and technological aspects. But Rome was far from perfect, because of its split in 395 A.D. ancient Rome began falling apart. The things that made it great became its downfall. But there were many important factors that made Rome fall, but the most prominent were military, economic, and religious factors.

The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD. There were many factors that went into the fall of the Roman Empire. Economic problems they dealt with was one of the main reasons the Empire fell. Since the romans were not doing good Economically they could not fund the military in order to protect them, which also led to the fall of their military. Socio-Political problems were also a factor; there was a decline in interest to public affairs. While that was happening a civil war was going on. The military was in bad shape and was interfering with the politics. The three Major causes of the the Fall of Rome were Economic Problems, Socico-Politcal problems, and external invasions that lead to the country not being able to protect itself.

Thomas Cole was originally born in Lancashire, England in 1801. In 1818 he and his parents moved to America. Cole’s father wanted him to be a lawyer. However, Cole self-thought himself in the art where he found his true passion on painting. Cole always found picturesque landscapes for which showed interest at an early age. Cole suddenly became a recognizable artist working in cities such as Ohio, Pittsburg and Philadelphia where he came to work with the Philadelphia academy.

What was A New World all about? The settlement of Americans was characterized by Indian societies, who settled in the south, north, east and southern America. They engage in various economic activities, religious activities, and gender relations that affected their interaction. This later influenced both the European and Indian freedom. Liberty and freedom led to movements and rise of authorities that resulted in the expansion of Europe that was characterized by Chinese, Portuguese, and Spanish movements during the slave trade. Additionally, the increase resulted in contacts and interactions that ignited super powers to colonize other countries. The interactions were also characterized by explorations, conquests, and demographic disasters.

The nineteenth century was a period where artists of all kinds were changing and developing their own style. These artists were inspired by a growing society, their relationship with the natural world and the wave of transcendentalism. A part of the transcendentalist movement Henry David Thoreau published several pieces involving his own views on nature, solitude and various aspects about life. The transcendentalists and Thoreau shared many beliefs, including, that there was an immanent connection between man and nature. Thoreau focused on self-reliance and having an independent connection to nature that is expressed best in one of his most famous books, Walden.

The businessmen of colonial New York strove to succeed in their trade by any means possible, often resorting to violence and bribery in order to increase their profit margin. However, their methods were not limited to violence. Throughout Defying Empire the reader is often bombarded with descriptions of the mindsets of the eponymous merchants. The text goes into detail cataloging the general thought processes behind some of the most ingenious smuggling conventions of the 18th century.They utilized any tools at their disposal in order to continue their businesses including powerful connections and money. In order to get contraband past the Britain the merchants disguised their ships with flags of truce(Truxes 87-104), used legal goods as covers

In the beginning of the 20th century was the modernism era. It included amazing and famous painters, sculptors, draughtsmen, and printmakers. In this era an amazing artist was born called Henri Matisse. He was born in 31, December 1869 in Le Cateau-Cambrésis in Northern France. He was a painter, sculptor, drafts man, and printmaker. His mother was an amateur painter and his father was a corn merchant. He studied law from 1887 to 1891 and then decided to go to Paris, to become a painter. He drew some amazing paintings and all of them had a story behind it. He drew paintings to pass time. He painted his first masterpiece in 1897, it was called The Dinner Table.

Political figures in art has always been an important part of our history, culture and artistic representation, Roman and Byzantine art is a classic case of these representations. The Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius and Justinian as World Conqueror are two examples that demonstrate the power and prestige of these political authorities. First, Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius from the Roman, Italy (173-176 CE) measures 11’6” high, cast in bronze. Secondly, Justinian as World conqueror from Byzantium period measures 13” x 11” entire panel, center panel 7” x 5” and 1” deep. The creator of the equestrian statue is unknown, however, the creator of Justinian’s ivory relief was probably made by the imperial work of Constantinople. The Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius and Justinian as World Conqueror both depict the power, prestige and clemency of a political figures. Yet, both are distinct in their artistic representation which I’ll discuss below.

The ancient Roman saying states: All roads lead to Rome! And this was true, in this essay I will show what great achievements and inventions happened during the plus minus 500 years from 27 Before Common Era, to 476 Common Era, in the Roman Empire and argue how these achievements and inventions still have influences in our everyday life and the modern world we live in today. Of course the Roman Empire consisted of more than just Roads, the Roman legislative system, their customs and traditions, religions, social structure, political system, art, architecture, writing, philosophy, citizenship, language use and military advancements held their Empire and their citizens together. I will reflect and show, how some of these tools the Romans used almost 2000 years ago, still live on through us today.