Treaty seven was a document that in the native's opinion dealt with discussions involving sharing the land in Canada.The indigenous thought that this treaty was saying that they would share the land, but they did not understand the paper because of their language and the Europeans took their land away. This was primarily used to discuss issues about how the CPR was being built on their land. The natives believed that their land was sacred. They did not want to give it away, they believed that the great mother of everything gave them that land. When the settlers came to Canada the Natives wanted to share the land with these newcomers, but that didn’t end well. The natives never owned, or sold their land, resulting in the settlers to move them
Sectional Tensions Gadsden Purchase: The Gadsden Purchase was a treaty made in 1853 by James Gadsden of South Carolina. Gadsden was appointed by Secretary of War Jefferson Davis to secure a chunk of Mexico for a railway route. He was able to negotiate land along the southern tips of current day Arizona and New Mexico, the northern border of Mexico, for $10 million from Spaniard Santa Anna. The land Gadsden had managed to obtain would have made making a southern railroad much more simple than cutting through more northern mountains.
In 1835 the federal government convinced a tiny group of Cherokee— around 500 of them—to sign the Treaty of New Echota. In this treaty, the group decided to give up all Cherokee land around 1838. Cherokee Chief John Ross sent protests to the U.S. Senate refusing the treaty. Ross explained that the tiny amount of Cherokee Indians that signed the treaty did not speak for all the thousands of Native Americans in the region. Many white Americans, including senators Daniel Webster and Henry Clay, also disapproved the treaty saying it seems cruel.
Treaty 6 was signed on August 23,1876 at Fort Carlton and less than a month later on September 9, 1876 in Fort Pitt. Some Chief’s had expressed concern regarding being able to sustain this new way of life. They did not want to potentially lose touch with their way of living and the resources their lands possessed. The First Nations people had requested that the government aide their people with agricultural assistance, as well as help during times of famine, and pestilence. The Canadian Government was also asked if they could assist them with modern medicines.
Beginning in the 1500’s, France and Britain explored North America, but in the 1700s, the countries started to take over these lands. Before the Seven Years’ War, three groups, the French, the British, and the Natives, fought over the right to possess North America. Natives entered into alliances with the French and British in an attempt to maintain balance with them. In the 1600’s, the French won the friendship of the Indians because they lived and worked among the Indian populations.
12) Jays Treaty was named after a man named John Jay. The British were seizing US ships and Washington sent Jay over to make the British stop. However, Jay returned with a “not so perfect” treaty. The treaty accepted Britain’s right to stop neutral ships, required the US to make “full and complete compensation” to the prerevolutionary war debts, allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizers, and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory. The stopping of the neutral war ships were the most unsatisfactory because it meant that they now had a trading alliance with Britain.
The Indigenous groups involved in previous treaties found that the government of Canada and Ontario were not living up to their promises and that settlers were encroaching on non-negotiated land in their northern hunting territories. The government then assigned a commission in 1923 that was comprised of Sinclair, McFadden and Williams (Hall, 2011). The treaties were then negotiated as people had already settled on the territory of the eight communities of Indigenous people that were involved. The Williams treaties were comprised of two separate treaties each looking at different land masses, the one directly related to our geographical location being the second signed between the commission and the Mississauga communities, this land stretched from lake Simcoe to the shore of Lake Ontario. The Williams treaty also included the land that was originally within the gunshot treaty, but unfortunately did not include the Mississaugas of New Credit First Nation whose ancestors who were a part of the original treaty.
The Pinckney Treaty of 1796, was an event to be happy about. This allowed merchants in America to warehouse their merchandises in New Orleans. This was called “right of deposit”. This arrangement opened the Mississippi River and allowed for trading from Spain. Then with the warehousing in New Orleans this allowed for merchants ease for trading from Pennsylvania to Spain.
The Treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi tried to restrict the Ojibwe people to one place in Minnesota. In which resulted in The United States helping to pay for a lot of the education and farming costs for the Ojibwe tribe. In 1867, The Treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi was formed and signed on March 19, 1867. It was developed to keep the Ojibwe people in one place, and it also encouraged them to keep farming through the allotment of land. People who were “individual band members” were provided with a scrip that could be used to get 160 acres of land; but “mixed blood individuals” only were given a scrip if they lived in the boundaries of the reservation.
Louis Riel was a proud Métis, a person of both First Nation and French ethnicity. The Métis were treated poorly by the Europeans in their own land and Riel wanted to change that. In the 1800’s, the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), bought out Rupert’s Land and renamed it the Northwest Territories. The Canadian Government gave this land to incoming European immigrants. This act displaced the First Nations and Métis people who had originally inhabited that land.
In the 1880s, there were only about one thousand non-indigenous people living in the North west. By the mid 1890s, the resources brought in many settlers from the United States, Europe and other parts of Canada. In 1901, the population was raised up to seventy-three-thousand(2), but some people in the government argued that the population wasn’t high enough to build provinces(1). The argument was over by 1905 , and by the time the two provinces were built, there was three-hundred-and-seventy-three-thousand
Others felt like they weren’t being taken seriously and that they were actually losing more than gaining. However, in the end, some saw no other viable option and signed the treaty. Another situation that caused problems was the explanation of the treaties. Because the Europeans and First Nations didn’t speak a common language so some words had different meanings and were understood differently by the two societies. Also, the First Nations leaders didn’t understand the meaning and implication of some treaty terms as “cede, release, yield up and surrender.”
The city of Seattle was a very different place, before European settlers had made contact with the Native people of the region; the Duwamish tribe. Native people have been known to have inhabited the city from over four thousand years ago. However, the population of Native people in the region began to deteriorate as soon as European settlers first made contact with the local people. Although this was due to a combination of different reasons, in this research paper I will look at one such key event which I believe was crucial to the disappearance of Native people in Seattle; the signing of the Treaty of Point Elliott. Before understanding the impact that the treaty had on the indigenous people of the region it is important to gain an understanding
Other treaty promises were also broken. The Nez Perce were promised $200,000 to be paid in scheduled annuities by the 1855 treaty. Congress later reduced this amount to a mere $40,000. None of this was received by the Nez Perce until 1862, when a small first payment of $6,396 was finally paid.
These lands were taken from them in spite of the Fort Laramie treaty signed in 1851 and agreed to by both the Lakota and the U.S. government in which the U.S. government formally recognized Lakota ownership of the Black Hills and the surrounding area as well as allocating to the Sioux almost all of the present states of South Dakota and Nebraska, along with portions of North Dakota, Kansas, Montana, and Wyoming. This treaty was shortly broken by the U.S. upon the discovery of gold and silver in the region, thereby prompting the U.S. government to construct a series of forts along what became known as the Bozeman Trail in order to secure passage through Sioux territory to the nearby mines (Churchill, 1990).
This treaty was between the Dakota and Pike/US. Through signing treaties with the US government, the Dakota lost the majority of their land. The Dakota became very dependant on Government goods since they lost their hunting lands. The U.S Government kicked out the Native Americans for room for the white settlers. Minnesota became a territory until it took