Every person goes through mental and physical changes as they go through life. As people live through different experiences, they begin to naturally develop as a result, usually without even realizing it. According to Erik Erikson, a famous psychiatrist, there are eight social stages of development that every human will go through as they endure new environments, events, people, and experiences. These stages can be described as building blocks; the first stage is needed to get to the second, the second stage needs to be reached in order to get to the third, and so on. Many people stand by Erikson’s theory of these social stages of development, and therefore it has become one of psychology's main theories regarding development. The first stage …show more content…
Therefore that child will be immbolized by guilt. and be fearful, heavily rely on adults, and be restricted with his or her imagination and play skills. The fourth stage is the “competence stage.” This generally occurs during the time a child is going to school up until roughly junior high. This is when most children will develop even greater social skills. A child will develop a large understanding of teamwork, playing by the rules, being fair, and some self-discipline. The mistrusting child continues to go through these stages as well, but they only continue to be negative due to the past stage being negative. This child still feels very shameful and will then experience defeat and inferiority. In stage five, or the “fidelity stage,” the child has now grown to about 13 or 14, and will remain in this stage until about 20 years old. This person learns how to answer the question of “Who am I?” satisfactorily after going through some questioning and figuring out. The person will the negative results outcome of this stage will be self-consciousness and self-doubt. The earlier stages has not correctly set this child up from self-confidence and certainty because from such a young age all they received
This is the stage that Erikson called “school age”. They will learn to observe how the work can be done and engender the feel of responsibility. Children will confident and industrious if their initiative is reinforced or guilt by their teachers to complete their task or schoolworks. If this initiative is limiting by their parents, they will feel inferior and starting to doubt their own strength and ability. Erikson said that successful experiences give the child a sense of industry, a feeling of competence and mastery, while failure gives them a sense of inadequacy and inferiority, a feeling that one is a good for nothing (Sharkey, 1997).
As they go through this stage young people will begin to solve problems more easily and have an appreciation of other people’s views and opinions. However as they are still inexperienced in life a young person may appear immature at times with regards to their ways of thinking and speech. During the Emotional Development stage, a young person will begin to spend less time with their parents and want to spend more time with their friends socialising instead. A young person may also feel conflicted at times, as they will want the affection from parents, however this is usually short lived as the young person will then also reject it when it is given.
Emphasis was placed on the first few years conveying they are of critical importance for proper development. Freud communicated that we may become struck or fixed if we are not properly nurtured through a stage. Piaget (1896-1980) Piaget developed a developmental stage theory that included four-stages. He based it on the principle that children actively construct knowledge as they explore and manipulate the world around them.
Autonomy vs shame and doubt, children from the ages of 1- 3 years are able to comprehend more about their self-image and self-control. Children can also control their body functions by completing certain assignments which gives them the feeling of freedom and self-governance. In Erikson’s third stage of his theory children can understand the difference between what is wrong and right in a social environment. However, children are very easily affected by their errors, and they are not able to see the extent of their actions. As indicated by Erikson 's 4th stage of psychosocial development, children in their middle school years start to perform more convoluted duties and see more perplexing thoughts at this stage.
According to developmental psychology a person at any age is at a certain stage of cognitive, moral, psychosocial, and physical development. This development is measured by different types of thinking, mental capacity for tasks, physical strength, and reasoning for following rules. Development is easily seen in children. Naturalistic observation is the one of the easiest method to see these developments in children. This is the observation technique I used, while watching a five year old male at Kindercare Daycare at 3:30 on a Friday.
Guilt. This stage takes place at age three until the age of five. In this stage, children are learning new things in school. Then after they’re learned in school, the children can apply the lessons it in their daily lives. This stage also has the name of the “Play Age” stage.
From the moment we are conceived, to the day we die, we are constantly changing and developing. While some of the changes we undergo are a result of chance incidents and personal choices, the vast majority of life changes and stages we pass through are due to biological, socioeconomic environmental, and psychological birth rights environments and shared by all people. Our Lifespan Development topic centres are intentional to afford an overview of the important collective developmental stages that human beings pass through: the prenatal period, between conception and birth, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, old age and finally death. This essay focuses on the two stages, these are drawn from the eight stages of the Erikson theory, and we
The theory involved six stages are a hierarchical and sequential (Kohlberg, 1984). Most of the time these stages are related to age or maturity level of the person. Stage 1: Heteronomous, involves decision-making based upon authority and consequences (Kohlberg, 1984). In this stage, children will make decisions based upon what they fear and what repercussions they may suffer from. Stage 2: Individualism, involves decision making based on upon a self-centered model.
Sigmund Freud’s psychosexual theory and Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory are two important psychoanalytic theories on human development that could be used as a basis in the explanation of human development. Even though both theories have similarities, there are also differences. I also feel that these must be used only as a base in understanding human development. Though Erikson’s theory were greatly influenced by Freud’s theory and based on many of his ideas, he had his own ideas on development.
A child must endure both conflicting aspects in order to find a resolution (Fleming, 2004). From birth through to old age, basic conflicts and essential positive and negative events occur allowing for the beginning of the development of personality. Erikson’s fourth stage of development is ‘Industry vs inferiority’. This stage occurs between the ages of 6 and 11. At this stage of development a child learns to deal with new academic and social demands.
In this if the needs are met, infant develops a sense of basic trust. If the care givers fail to develop trust will result in fear and a belief that the world is inconsistent and unpredictable. According to Freud’s anal stage the child has to learn to control his or her bodily needs. Like Freud, he also believed that toilet training is a virtual part of this stage.
The life span of an individual goes through developmental stages in life, from conception to death. The majority of the stages we pass are biological, socio-economical and psychological birth rights. This essay will focus on the two stages, drawn from the eight stages of Erikson Theory, namely: Trust vs Mistrust and Generativity vs Stagnation. The essay will further discuss authoritative parenting and attachment styles. The eight stages which a healthy person should undergo from infancy to late adulthood, are built on the success of mastering the previous stage.
If the child is fulfilled with these needs, the child develops trust. Stage 2: (1 to 3 years) Freud called this stage as Anal Stage of development. In this stage, children gain sense of mastery by controlling erogenous zone or in other word it is anal region. Children who are succeeded in this stage are capable and productive.
DEVELOPMENT PSYCHOLOGY: REFLECTIVE ESSAY In life of an individual there are several developmental changes or events which occur as continuity of span of life. Some of life developmental stages include infantile, adolescence, maturity, and adulthood. These phases have biological, social, psychological and physiognomic reasons to which an individual completed the course of life. Psychological analysis upon the developmental stages include the focus on characterization, demarcation and the social interaction of individual’s life (Baltes & Schaie, 2013).
Chapter Eight is all about emotional and social development in early childhood. This stage in life usually occurs between the ages two and six. It is during this time that the child gains self- concept, emotional development, and social skills. A child’s self-concept is characteristics, physical appearance, and everyday behaviors that helps define them as a person. This contributes to the child gaining emotional competence.