Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System

When the United States federal government began to intervene in the food and drug businesses, the history of early food regulation in the United States started with the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act. This was the first of significant consumer protection laws that were enacted by the federal government in the 20th century which also led to the creation of the food and drug administration. The main purpose was to ban foreign and interstate traffic in the adulterated or the mislabeled food and drug products. It is directed by the US Bureau of chemistry to inspect products and to refer offenders to prosecutors.

In 1970, Congress enacted the Controlled Substances Act in an effort to categorize regulated drugs based on their potential for abuse. This act divided their potential into five categories or technically five schedules. Some examples from each category would be:

This painkiller is an opioid and it works by imitating endorphins, the natural painkillers in the body, which block pain signals to the brain.

In this lab, we tested 8 known ingredients to find what ingredients was in our unknown A and unknown B medications. We first tested the water solubility of our knowns and unknowns. We found that of the knowns, cornstarch and acetaminophen were the only ones not water soluble. The unknowns were also not water soluble. Th next test was the pH test. The unknowns were all basic except for the acetylsalicylic acid which was an acid and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride which was a neutral pH when tested. We tested our unknowns and found that both had a basic pH when tested. When we tested the ingredients for acetone solubility we found that most of the ingredients were acetone soluble except for acetaminophen, cornstarch, and sugar. For unknown A we

The CSA of 1970 regulates the manufactured and distribution that can cause dependencies. The CSA set forth guidelines and divided them into five categories (schedules) based on there potentially addictive level of abuse.

Although strong and disciplined soldiers are needed for a good army, the medical procedures and the system for saving injured fighters are equally as important. During World War II, many advancements in medical procedures and technologies developed due to the need to counteract the advancing weapons that cause more destruction. However, during World War II, there were less deaths due to infection and bleeding than World War I. This was primarily due to medical and surgical advancements. Although other developments during World War 2 like a more efficient, and better equipment may be important, the developments of bringing medical care to the wounded, making it more accessible, and an advancement in medicine were the most beneficial during

Antibiotics are a form of medicine that seek out and destroy the bacteria that make us feel sick. Antibiotics work great against bacteria, however they don’t work against viruses. Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered by Alexander Fleming, and it was first used to treat infections. Essentially, these powerful medicines fight bacterial infections, and have the potential to save lives. They work by either killing the bacteria or retain them from reproducing, with the help of our body’s natural defense system.

Drugs in the United States are controlled by the 1970 Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act. This was past by Congress in the 1970’s. It regulates the manufacture, the destruction as well as the possession and use of drugs. It also places all drugs into one of the five schedules that are I, II, III, IV and V. The overall intention of the Comprehensive Drug Act is to help the government fight and prevent drugs being used for other then its intended medical use. The schedules are also created by weather the drugs are medically accepted and how likely the potential drug is to be abused. The five schedules range from high abuse to low abuse.

I did research on inventions during World War II. I picked the following topics: computers, medicine, and gas. All of these inventions had an impact during the war, it also had an impact on the people living in that time period. Furthermore, these inventions impacted how technology and some kinds of military weapons are used today. A number of inventions came about during World War II in the categories of medicine, warfare, and technology. The first programmable computer was made on December 8, 1943 by Alan Turner. This machine changed the course of the war. Before the war, Alan Turing had a vision of a Universal Machine , which could be pre-programmed. ¨His single purpose was a bomb machine¨ ( Smith paragraph 2 sentence 2-3). Likewise the Colossus made by BPO engineer Tommy Flower at Bletchley Park.The Colossus was fully operational by the time of the D-day landing in 1944. Including after the war Flower got involved in making the first all-electronic phone exchange in Europe.

Questionable methods of pain relief have been practiced on this planet since the stone ages. Luckily, modern advancements in medicine have granted us safe and quick options for relieving pain. Analgesics, often referred to as painkillers, are drugs that work by targeting the peripheral and central nervous systems. They are important because they are responsible for alleviating our headaches, body aches, fever, and inflammation. Non-opioid analgesics include acetaminophen and non- steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as aspirin; they are typically used for mild pain. Opioid based analgesics such as morphine and codeine are used for chronic pain. NSAIDs function by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2, which are enzymes that convert

At the time not even the most straightforward diseases, for example,not even the common cold was curable. Until the best medicinal disclosure at the time was accidently found in 1928. Starting its potential amid World War 2, the entire world needed its hands on it. It was Penicillin. Penicillin left an imprint in our history, it expanded medicinal innovation, manufacturing and even diminished diseases. it increased medical technology, manufacturing and even decreased infections.

A Rube Goldberg machine, by definition, is not simple—especially when you are recruited to build one a week before the first Science Olympiad competition. Two rolls of duct tape, a bag of hot glue sticks, and fourteen consecutive hours of Yo-Yo Ma resulted in a lopsided contraption that managed to win a fourth place medal. In a way, my machine represented my identity. Similar to how galaxy duct tape and neon green golf balls distinguish my Rube Goldberg machine, my experiences in Science Olympiad, research, and art make me unique.

This assignment is about the study of the effect of agonist and different concentration on guinea pig ileum and it will consist of method, graph results and discussion.

As a student in SDSU’s pharmacy program one of the activities required to prepare us for real world pharmacy practice is to perform a medication history. Performing a medication history and reviewing it can be helpful to in acquiring information about a patents disease states, keeping an up to date record on their current medications, and helps prevent and resolve potential and current issues with patents medications.

π is the substituent hydrophobicity constant and measures the hydrophobicity of a specific region on the drug’s skeleton.