2.1.2. Anatomy of the abdominal wall
Bensley and Craigie (1948) described the anatomical structure of rabbit 's abdominal wall in their historical and heritable textbook of Bensley 's Practical Anatomy of the Rabbit. In special reference to the topographical umbilical region, the abdominal wall of rabbit is composed of 8 major structures that involve the skin, linea alba, cutaneous maximus muscle, external oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, rectus abdominis muscle, transverse muscle and the parietal peritoneum.
On the inner surface of the skin, a thick compact connective tissue forming the corium is found with embedded hair follicles appearing as dots. The loose subcutaneous tissue (tela subcutanea) by which the skin is attached, is well identifiable. In some animals, large amounts of fat are sometimes deposited in this layer. Some fat may be present in the
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rectus abdominis) is a thin strap-like muscle, enclosed between two sheets of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique, and separated from its fellow of the opposite side by the linea alba. The muscle originates from the lateral border of the sternum, including the xiphoid process; also the ventral surfaces of the 1st to 7th costal cartilages. Its insertion lies at the anterior end of the pubic symphysis (Bensley and Craigie, 1948).
The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall is the transverse abdominal muscle (m. transversus abdominis) which originates from 7 posterior ribs, the middle layer of the lumbar fascia, and the inguinal ligament. It inserts in the linea alba, by an aponeurosis that fuses with the weakly developed dorsal leaf of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique to form the dorsal wall of the sheath of the rectus abdominis. The fibers are directed downward and slightly backward (Bensley and Craigie, 1948).
The remaining internal portion of the wall is a smooth serous membrane forming the parietal peritoneum (peritonaeum parietale) (Bensley and Craigie,
Endomysium is found within a muscle and it contains nerves and capillaries. It is a fine layer of connective tissue that extracts each individual myocyte. P5 – Describe the sliding filament theory, giving a step by step process.
My rectus femoris and bicep femoris have also received some toning because these exercises also targeted those muscles. Since those muscles are used in my endurance workouts, I have been able to see visible results in not only my fitness testing results, but my own body as well; I’ve lost some weight in my legs and I’ve got a more firm gluteus maximus. To continue with my third goal of toning my rectus abdominis, I chose to complete an endurance workout because a strength workout would result in gaining muscle mass, which does not achieve my goal. In order to accomplish this, I have done planks, v-snaps, tuck extends, wood chops, side planks, russian twists, hollow holds, running mans, mountain climbers, crossover sit ups, banana rolls and windshield wipers. These exercises fit in with my goals because increasing reps and weight in my core workouts lead to a stronger and tighter core consequently leading to a toned rectus
It is important to discuss these options with your veterinarian and have your animal seen regularly as well as keeping your pet at a healthy weight. It is worth noting that on a general basis a luxation at grade 1 does not necessitate surgery, grade II could benefit from surgery depending on wear/pain and inflammation of the knee, and grade III and IV necessitate surgery. Annex 4: Umbilical Hernia An umbilical hernia is an undesired communication between the interior of the abdomen and the area bellow the skin (subcutaneous) in the area of the umbilicus (belly button). This communication is due to the fact that the muscle wall of the animal did not close completely after the mother cut the umbilical cord at birth.
1. The potential errors for body mass index (BMI) is that the measurement does not separate how much weight is fat or lean body mass. For example, a muscular person could have a higher BMI but more muscle mass and could be falsely described as obese. Some potential errors in a waist to hip ratio depends on the individual. An individual may be pear shaped, which are people that have a larger hip compared to waist.
The European rabbit was introduced into Australia in the 19th century. They released domesticated and undomesticated rabbits. They introduced domesticated rabbits to use for a source of meat for the new settlers. But they also introduced wild rabbits for the purpose of recreational hunting and to help the first European settlers, resettle into Australia.
The indigenous peoples of the Americas portray themselves as noble savages, guileless, and easy to dominate over. As for their cultures, their environment shapes what type of things they are best at. For example, if they were great swimmers, that meant that they were capable of fishing and bringing back food. In the readings Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca and Bartolome de la casas, it shows contrasting characterization of culture, personal lifestyles, and literature than from the other readings Otters Bare Tail and How the Rabbit got Its Long Ears. From a variety of different views, these stories analysis how the native americans transformed after the contact of the Europeans.
The outcome of a discovery does not always have a positive outcome for all parties involved, whether it is a rediscovery of past knowledge or the uncovering of new information, both may serve to affirm or challenge beliefs, resulting in different ramifications for individuals and their worlds. The author and illustrator of allegorical picture book ‘The Rabbits’ Shaun Tan and John Marsden employs ideas of historical context relating to colonialism and the loss of culture and freedom that took place throughout the process, similarly to Shakespeare’s tragicomedy play ‘The Tempest’, where the exploitation of the character Caliban is repeatedly highlighted revealing the dystopic turn of events the native people would have experienced after the
The Rabbits – Shaun Tan: Response Revisionist texts allow an individual to understand a perspective or perception of reality that differs from the dominant one. A text which, through its construction encourages white Australians to re-interpret their ideology of the European discovery of Australia is the picture book, ‘The Rabbits’ by Shaun Tan, as it challenges the belief that if the Indigenous peoples had westernised themselves, Australia would be a greater nation. When the first text is revealed – “many grandparents ago,” the viewer is immediately positioned to see the story in the style of a Dreamtime story aka from the Aborigines’ point of view. Throughout the whole picture book, Marsden utilises very minimal text and rather relies on
The fat is evenly spread out, covering the entire body. In relation to other fats and tissues such as muscle or skin, adipose tissue is thicker and has low thermal conductivity, meaning it doesn’t transfer heat as well as other tissues, therefore
Rabbit, Run is a novel that was published on November 12, 1960. The book starts off with the main character Harry, or “Rabbit” Angstrom, who is twenty-six years old and is six foot three. Rabbit was well known around his town Mt. Judge, Pennsylvania for being a “famous” basketball star in high school. Rabbit is now twenty-six years old and he works as a salesman at Magipeeler that sells kitchen equipment. He has a wife named Janice, who 7 months pregnant and also an alcoholic.
In Ecology, biological invasions are composed of native, non-native, and invasive species. There are attributes that classify which organism belongs to which category. Native species are organisms that are locally from the territory and result from natural processes with no human inference. Non-native species (exotic species) are organisms that are from a remote ecosystem and have the ability to become either invasive or non-invasive. Invasive species are types of exotic organisms that cause environmental and economic harm to our human wellbeing.
The silk producing gland is also located in the abdomen near its rump where there is a pair
A "cat" is usually the dominant animal compared to the"mouse", who despite not able to conquer the cat and defeat him, the mouse is still able to escape successfully. This is depicted from the bunting behavior of the cat, which often appears to play with it's “prey” on the current capture. The instinct is to make the prey weak without harming or endangering itself. In this illustration, the cat now has turned the tables and is going after the cats (China, Japan, USA).
(Gessner K, 1551). There are two types of adipose tissue that are found in all mammals: • White adipose tissue (WAT) and • Brown adipose tissue (BAT). White fat tissue is the most well-known and all the more regularly known
A strong oral sucker surrounds the mouth of the worm. The digestive tube is composed of an oesophagus, which divides into two branches (right and left). The paired intestinal caeca fuse together and continue as a single gut till the posterior end of the worm with no anus. There is no pharynx (Schmidt and Roberts, 2000).