Optical Coherence Tomography Essay
Angiography is the most commonly used technique to visualize the blood vessels with particular interest in the arteries, veins, and the heart chambers. This is traditionally done by injecting a radio-opaque contrast agent into the blood vessel and imaging using X-ray based techniques such as fluoroscopy. The image of the blood vessel thus obtained is called an angiogram or angiograph. Depending on the type of angiogram, access to the blood vessels is gained most commonly through the femoral artery to look at the left side of the heart and at the arterial system or through the jugular or femoral vein, to look at the right side of the heart and at the venous system. Using a system of guide wires and catheters, a type of contrast agent is added …show more content…
Techniques like WLI and OCT need necessary flushing systems to displace the blood.
3.2.1 Optical coherence tomography
OCT is a novel, non-invasive optical imaging technology that enables cross sectional imaging of tissues to provide microstructural information in situ and in real time.
It was first conceived in 1990 by Dr. Naohiro Tanno, a professor at Yamagata
University and then perfected in 1991 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology team headed by Prof. James Fujimoto. It was developed for specific application in ophthalmology in order to examine the retina. In vivo examinations of the eye were performed using OCT [38][39] and now it is being extensively used because of the high resolution capability to visualize ocular structures and has hence established itself as the most popular choice for imaging in ophthalmology. Nowadays besides opthalmoscopy it is being used to study teeth, skin and also for endoscopy. With resolution comparable to that of histopathology on excisional biopsy, OCT is used to obtain in vivo images from tissues and vessels without having to remove the tissue or apply contrast agents [40].
3.2.2 Principle of
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