Apush Chapter 13 Study Guide

Many explorers have searched to find land to claim for themselves and their country, but they would never think it would be a new piece of land that we call Charleston today. Many different countries wanted to settle in Charles Town, but not all could settle there. So they set up attacks against one another and many were unsuccessful. Then, the outcome was that the English settled in what is Charleston is today along the Ashley River which is on Albemarle point. Why was Charles town difficult to settle? The settlement of Charles Town was difficult to settle because of the geography, resources, and diseases.

One of the biggest summer nuisance would be the mosquito, but more specifically the Ades aegypti mosquito. The Aedes aegypti is the vector for yellow fever and the cause of the numerous deaths. In her book The American Plague: The Untold Story of Yellow Fever, The Epidemic the Shaped Our History, Molly Caldwell Crosby presents the idea that the mosquito is not just the only reason an epidemic occurred in the 18th century. This story accounts for the disease that broke out across the world and nearly destroyed almost all of North America’s population, which some believe could have been avoided by simple quarantine analysis and sanitary methods.

The 1854 cholera outbreak was potentially one of the worst epidemics London has seen in its recent history, having eliminated around seven hundred people in just two weeks. In book The Ghost Map, Steven Johnson tells a thought-provoking tale about two different men who approached the spread of a microscopic bacterium in a growing urban city, and how their actions had changed the world. This particular cholera outbreak that swept through Broad Street in Soho district of London in 1854 led to the invention of modern life because it ultimately resulted in the transition from superstition to medical and scientific reasoning, the advances in modern epidemiology and the refurbishment of city infrastructures.

Cholera was a feared disease that attacked a range of countries from every part of the world. It brought about a sense of horror due to its horrendous symptoms and relatively high mortality rate. This fear was no less apparent for the inhabitants of Philadelphia especially after reports were written about towns such as Montreal and Quebec.

The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865. It was a war fought within the newly born United States of America, between the Confederacy (South) and the Union (North). Jefferson Davis was the president for the Confederacy and Abraham Lincoln was the president for the Union. The southern economy was largely based on slaves and the crops they produced. On the other hand, the northern economy depended on industry. The war resolved two main questions left unanswered by the revolution; whether the US was a dissolvable confederation of sovereign states or an indivisible nation with a sovereign national government, and whether the US would continue to exist as the largest slaveholding country in the world.

The major diseases that affected the people in this assigned population and time period are small pox, measles, malaria, influenza, typhus and numerous of other diseases that killed thousands of people often in tandem. Nonetheless, with the foreigner’s arrival the course of history change; to begin with, the aching bones, high fever, burning chest, abdominal pain, consumption, and the headaches all erupted as signs, symptoms, and threats to mortality (Anderson, 2007, p. 148).

Christopher Columbus, a sailor who served King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, the rulers of Spain, took off on a journey to find Asia. However, by mistake, he actually sailed the great seas and “discovered” an island of Hispaniola, America. This feat created a gateway for other races to colonise and live in the newly “discovered” land. In reality though, the land had already been explored by and inhabited by the Tainos people, a peaceful tribe that never believed in private property. A tribe that was very giving and inviting, they “exhibited great love towards all others in preference to themselves”. Columbus and his men, when they “discovered” the already used land, slaughtered natives, playing cruel games with them as if they were wild beasts.

Our class read books about exploration and discovery. The books were “Pedro’s Journal” by Pam Conrad and “Explorers: Triumphs and Troubles” by Paul Mason. In my opinion, the explorers had a negative impact on the society. They brought over diseases, stole from countries and tribes, and kidnapped people. They also tricked people into doing things or believing things. This in my mind is not what you should do when you're exploring and traveling.

The Colonial period was started in the 18th century based on the political, social and economical reasons in the thirteen colonies. The colonists began colonization of America by refusing the nobilities and monarchies of Great Britain. During that period, an epidemic disease called smallpox was spread devastatingly and frequently. Smallpox was an enormously contagious disease caused by a specific type of virus variola which spread into the thirteen American colonies. The disease was new in the country, and it took place in Boston, Massachussetts first, and spreading the virus made a severe threat all over. It began with infection mainly in the blood vessels of the human skin and mouth, and resulted in different kinds of symptoms for turning

All plagues strike by uprooting individual lives and society as a whole. Nevertheless, the particular circumstances regarding the government, and religious and cultural beliefs in the affected lands influence the specific results of the tragedy, as witnessed through the Black Death and smallpox. Although both diseases led to drastic economic changes, they caused different overturns of religious beliefs, and only the Black Death resulted in the creation of public health services and the marginalization of groups of people.

*How did technological advancements in the antebellum period influence development of agriculture? How and why did these developments increase the differences between the North and South?

Settling in Charles Town wasn’t an easy task, the Europeans had taught us that when they first settled in Charles Town. In 1521, Francisco Gordillo became the first Europeans to explore the Carolina coast. While Gordillo did not attempt to settle, he angered many Natives by selling them into slavery. Five years later, Lucas Vasquez attempt to established a settlement, but was not successful. Many more explorers had failed to settle the land. Four ways that made Charles Town difficult to settle were; the geography, resources, and wildlife.

William Penn founded Pennsylvania in March of 1681 for two main reasons. The first was to make money, and the other reason was to provide the Quakers with a safe haven in America. Pennsylvania was obviously named after the founder, William Penn it means "Penn 's Woods." Some of the hardships the colony had to overcome would be traveling, money, and the native Americans.

The Middle Passage is the part of the trade, where Africans, tightly packed on ships, were transported across the Atlantic Ocean to the West Indies. The journey lasted for several months, at this time the enslaved people basically lay in chains in rows on the floor of the ship 's hold. Genocide, in turn, does not necessarily mean the immediate destruction of the nation, except for the massacres of all members of the nation. So can we identify the Middle Passage as an act of genocide?

The many effects of one culture encountering another for the first time can be hard to account for. It doesn’t happen like it used to in this global society we currently live in. However a long time ago it was a tremendous ordeal for so many reasons. One of the most pivotal and historic occurrences of one culture of humans encountering another is called “The great biological exchange”.