Chapter 3
3.0 Research Methodology
3.1 Introduction
This chapter describes the methodologies used in the study. In this research, the perceptions of local community residents towards the Buguma aquaculture farm in terms of positive and negative impacts according to Andrew, R. and Venise, C. (2014) were analyzed. Fisher folks and the general public, specifically head of households were interviewed through structured questionnaire to filter out their opinion based on the impacts recorded from the establishment and the operation of the Buguma fish farm.
3.2 Research Design
This study belongs to the class described as ‘Passive-Observational (Cook and Campbell, 1979), because there is no manipulation of subjects of the research, as opposed to Quasi-Experimental
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The later comprised government records, past research works, maps and information published in hard copies and online journals, books and other literatures related to the research problem, while the former included pre-coded questionnaires, key informants, small group discussions, direct observation and specially prepared data collection formats.
3.4 Field Research Strategies
The field research comprised the following operations: a. Reconnaissance survey, b. Structuring of questionnaires, c. Listing of streets, buildings and households in Buguma to provide a sample frame for the household questionnaire administration and d. Probability sampling of streets, buildings, households and respondents.
3.3 Population and Sample
3.3.1 Population of Study (Sample Frame)
The population of this study is the entire population of Buguma as shown by the 1991 census published figure for Buguma as 135,404. This figure serves as the base year population. To ascertain the current population of Buguma (2016), the Exponential Growth Model (Oppeinheimer, 1981) was used. The formula is given by
Pn = Po (1 + r)
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This is an indication of the population for which the study was generalized.
However, this study involves only 0.002329%, Cochran’s (1977) of the entire population which represents 384 respondents (See Table 3.1). Thus, this implies that a total of 164,901 populations were selected, and 0.002329% of this population was drawn and chosen for sampling to get the exact number of respondents to be interviewed making the sample size to be 384 respondents. The reason for this sample size of 0.002329% is to get a sizeable number of respondents in the community. Using the Cochran’s (1977) correction formula to determine the final sample size with the application of the formula:
Using the Cochran’s (1977) correction formula to determine the final sample size with the application of the formula: n1 = n 1 + no N
Where
n1 = the expected sample size no = proportion of the population to be sampled =
High School Fishing Club High schools offer extracurricular activities, clubs and sports for students to help them become involved in their school and develop team building and leadership skills. Some types of clubs offered by schools include Pep Club, SADD Club (Students Against Drunk Driving), Chess Club, and FFA (Future Farmers of America), just to name a few. More and more schools in the country are creating a fishing club. The question that arises is how long will it be until fishing clubs are offered at every school in the country?
1. What demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement in the Oh et al. (2014) study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
n research methods, every researcher uses a procedure or a means of measurement to collect data. For example, three types of basic measurement collection are self-reports, observational, and physiological. Each method has their pros and cons in research. Depending on the research you are conducting these methods of measurement can either guide you to great discovery the pro, or skew your data making it unreliable the con. Observational measure is the method of measuring behaviors by directly observing subjects (Leary, M. R. (2011).
This report gave relative figures and data about demographics,
This is an excellent example of observation-based research because
The article discusses an experiment. Two types of experiments are presented: some are on humans and others on rats. The textbook defines an experiment as a scientific method that is used to determine the effect one variable has on another variable. It is only through an experiment that the researcher can identify the causality. An independent variable (IV) is the variable that has the effect on the other variable in the experiment.
• The percentage of the sample who participated in the study appeared to be a threat. Out of the 372 questionnaires sent out only 175 were usable. This was not fifty percent of the sample and could have caused a response bias. Results Section Discuss the statistical analysis or manipulation as
They used probability sample design because they analyzed a national sample 3138 adults
national study conducted at a south western university. The respondents were selected from those who registered in an online panel by the AS Nielsen. For the possible distribution of the demographics variables, they gathered the gender, age, education and income of the sample reported by the U.S. Census. It was conducted in December 2013 and January 2014. The researchers administered a survey through Qualtrics, an online survey software.
3- Methodology, which includes sampling design, research design, collecting information, information analysis and limitations. 4- Findings, which includes conclusions and recommendations
Latane and Darley used this method to examine bystanders behaviour. (Latane and Darley, 1970, cited in Jovan Byford, 2014, p. 229 - 234) Latane and Darley counted the number of participants in each condition who responded to the staged emergency within two minutes in the experiment that they created. They compared the outcomes from each condition and presented the finding of their experiment in the form of graphs and numbers. (Latane and Darley, 1970, cited in Jovan Byford, 2014, p. 229 - 231) Therefore, the experimental method, without a shadow of a doubt is a quantitative method and it is thought to uncover the general
As per the context of the case study, we have come up with three possible actions that can be taken in order to meet the excess inventory problem are geographical expansion and increasing the market size by covering the untapped market in South and Central parts of America or making an internal agreement with a small manufacturing company that imports raw fishes and produces fish allied products such as fish oil, fish sauce, etc. Else we can launch a ‘Limited Edition Product’ by increasing the quantity per package at the existing price and providing exciting offers. The underlying cause of excess inventory in Neptune Gourmet Seafood is due to limited target market size. Neptune has to identify areas that are isolated from its product and enter new geographic markets.
The total number of eligible respondents came to 6,804, and in the end 53.2% of their completed interviews were eligible, leaving the study with 3,415 respondents. (Mollenkopf et al.,
Before talking about some different ways of knowing and areas of knowledge, it is important to distinguish what is active experiment and passive observation, explain how does humankind produce knowledge, and indicate in what other ways can humankind produce knowledge. Active experiment is the process by which an individual analyses and studies focusing on a specific topic and drawing up to a certain conclusion depending on what he or she has discovered. Passive observation is not as productive as active experiment because it is only the act of observing something happening without actually analysing and studying it deeply. More simply, active experimentation is experiencing something physically, while passive observation is learning from what other people have discovered. Humankind produces knowledge from the information gathered from active experimentation and passive observation.
In the 21st century, population studies are very significant in looking at characteristics of a country, habitat, community and other environments. For example, in the human population, people are interested in a country’s population growth/decay, as the production of goods, social reforms/support or other needs of the people can be suggested. If a population is decreasing, there can be efforts made to improve medications and social support to increase the population and decrease the death rates. But do we actually know how population is modeled and how accurate these models are? This exploration aims at comparing logistic and exponential growth models, the two main models used for population growth, and to determine the extent of how realistic