Human papilloma virus is a small DNA tumor virus with more than 150 types, each designated by a number****. First recognized and studied in rabbits (Shope papilloma virus) by US researcher, Richard Shope in 1933, strains in sexually active humans, leading to more research on the virus and its implications****. Currently, HPV is one of the most common newly diagnosed sexually transmitted infection in the US, with more than 14 million new cases discovered every year worldwide***. HPV spreads through skin-to-skin sexual contact with an infected person and is common among groups of all sexually active people, though it is most common in adolescents, women, and ethnic minorities***. Once the virus has infected the new host, it can then penetrate the basal cells of the stratified squamous epithelium, the metaplastic cells in the cervix, and even the glandular epithelium of the …show more content…
Though many vaccines have triggered skepticism and even complete avoidance, most notably the Vaccine-Autism debate, the resistance to the HPV vaccine goes beyond that of other vaccines**. When questioned about their mistrust, parents have cited the young age at which children are vaccinated and moral concerns***. However, it is very important that the vaccine is administered to children who have not be exposed to the virus for it to be most effective and provide the greatest protection against HPV**. The moral concerns of getting the vaccine is stems from the thought pre-marital sex is immoral and parents would like for their children to wait for marriage*. Even so, some 46.8% of American high schoolers have reported having sex, with 5.6% reportedly having intercourse before the age of 13**. With these numbers in mind, doctors have recommended the HPV vaccination as a way to keep adolescents safe from the life threatening effects of HPV
(C) APPROACH We propose to test the hypothesis that papillomavirus infection and persistence are influenced by local host defense factors. MmuPV1 persistent infection at mucosal sites in outbred and inbred nude mice can be tracked (15-17) in addition to skin sites (35)(Preliminary data). Interestingly, not all sites showed the same level of susceptibility to MmuPV1 infection. For example, the back skin has been the least susceptible site when compared with other skin sites such as the tail and the muzzle.
Developments in HPV vaccines is important, not only for HPV prevention efforts, but also for the overall continued success of vaccination as one of public health 's most valuable
One of the most controversial matters of today is the HPV vaccine. While some individuals view the vaccine as a preventative measure, others view it as the cause of a variety of medical issues, as well as, a free pass to be promiscuous. New York Times’ personal health columnist Jane Brody addresses some of the alleged cons associated with the HPV vaccine in her article “The Underused HPV Vaccine”. Brody’s purpose in writing this article is to inform about the misconceptions about the vaccine and, ultimately, convince the adult readers that it is more beneficial to be vaccinated than harmful. Brody’s appeal to logic, application of ethos, and choice of diction effectively convinces the audience that the HPV vaccine should be utilized to their
HIV/AIDS The Florida Department of Health reports that 703 people living with AIDS and 543 people living with HIV reside in Escambia county. According to Pensacola News Journal, Escambia county is the poster child for the AIDS epidemic and sexually-transmitted diseases. Escambia county has consistantly been ranked 12th and 13th out of 67 counties in Florida for having the most reported AIDS cases. What is HIV/AIDS?
Pro Vaccination Since the invention of vaccines, it has created a huge impact worldwide. As a child begins to start school, their required by the state to receive their twelve routine shots. The children who receive all their shots have a greater chance of not contracting any diseases. Throughout the years, vaccination or otherwise known as immunization has been a hugely controversial issue worldwide and whether or not to vaccinate children. However, vaccines are an effective and key role in keeping the human population healthy and safe.
In 2012, Brady Johnson lost his life due to lack of vaccination. He was diagnosed with measles, which is an easily preventable disease, as the MMR vaccination is 93% effective. With two doses of the MMR vaccine, it then becomes 97% effective. Measles is an infectious viral disease which causes fevers and a red rash on the skin. This disease typically occurs in children and when infected is very serious.
News Flash! Recent outbreaks of what the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) call vaccine-preventable diseases demonstrate the effects of the anti-vaccination movement. “Antivaxxers” as they’ve come to be called, as noticed on this author's Facebook page, are a population of parents who make a conscious decision not to vaccinate their children. The goal of this paper is to shed some light on the Antivaxxers, their arguments for choosing not to vaccinate their children, and research that proves the Antivaxxers’ theories are wrong. After all, vaccines aren’t something to be concerned about, they are proven to be effective.
Why Abstinence-Only Education Doesn’t Work Abstinence-only education, a form of sex education that focuses solely on remaining abstinent until marriage, is not only ineffective but is actually providing a disservice to the youth of America. This type of educational program preaches that the only sure fire way to avoid unwanted pregnancy and to remain (sexually transmitted) disease free is to not have sex. Of course, this is true and should be made abundantly clear, but nearly half of the high schoolers in America have already had sex by the time they participate in a sexual education class or program ("Abstinence Education Programs Are Not Effective"). The reality is that telling kids to “just not have sex”, or scaring them with statistics
In the science sector, there are many arguments whether science is beneficial for humans or is it a curse upon us, this debate is also applicable to child vaccination. Child vaccination is a sensitive health topic that parents and doctors argue about, were some say that vaccination can be harmful for their children, others say that it might prevent their children from getting sick. What is Child vaccination? Child vaccination is the process of injecting dead bacteria or viruses in our body for our immune system to recognise as a pathogen^1 and fight that particular pathogen. Also the pathogen is being recognised by our body for the future, so our body can defeat this particular pathogen faster in the future and a person won’t get the disease.
Required Immunity Mandatory vaccinations for children in public schools have been the center of much debate since laws were first developed to regulate immunization. Fears from parents about side effects and adverse reactions have steered many away from wanting to vaccinate their children despite the numerous infectious diseases they prevent. These debates have gotten in the way of progression in schools for preventing the spread of disease. To me, the risks of not vaccinating children are far greater than the risks of adverse reactions.
Some examples are that for the past several years we have heard that polio vaccine lead lymphoma and caused the AIDS epidemic, and the MMR vaccine lead to Crohn’s disease and autism. These theories, however have not bothered themselves with facts, that might be fair in the time of chiropractic’s infancy, but now, in the 20th century it is not acceptable. The lack of true information about vaccination is a struggle to the vaccination policy. A research by Kennedy et al. shows that health professionals consider that girls are empowered to make decisions about the HPV vaccine for themselves, some of them decide not to take the vaccine for the lack of information.
Worksheet 6 (Part2) Microbiology In section 2 of worksheet 6 you will be asked to answer a series of short answer, critical thinking and case study questions. Please consider each question carefully and then answer in your own words. Below is the rubric that will be used to evaluate your answers.
How likely is it for a child to get a disease? “Statistically, the chance of your child getting a vaccine-preventable disease may be relatively low. You are making a wager” (Childhood 1). Mainly, parents don’t want their children to be vaccinated in order to attend public school or tend to lack taking them on time to get the shots. A vaccination is being introduced to the body which will then produce an immunity to a specific disease.
Modern medicine provides people with the ability to protect themselves from the world’s most fatal diseases. Merely a century ago, it was not uncommon for a child to die as a result of diseases such as polio, pertussis, and tuberculosis. Today, it is highly unlikely for a person to contract these diseases, let alone die from them. However, refusal of vaccinations has been increasing throughout the years due to the anti-vaccination movement. This movement declares mandatory vaccines unconstitutional and vaccinations overall as the cause of autism.
There are mixed reviews about the choice of Planned Parenthood. They have eight million activists, supporters, and donors nationwide (Who We Are, 2014). However, some people still have an issue with how strongly Planned Parenthood support contraception, or abortion. They believe that every woman should have access to the full range reproductive health care services, including access to and legal abortions (Our Issues: Where We Stand, 2015). It will forever be a controversial issue within the views of abortions, but as a social worker, realistically, we have to accept the fact that abortions could be an option for the clients we are seeing.