Arguments Against Zero Hour Contract Employees

The industrial revolution began in the 18th century. Industrialization marked a shift to powered, multi-purpose machinery, factories and mass production of many goods. Many more people were aloud jobs that weren’t available prior to this period in time. However, the industrial revolution brought along many negative circumstances: pollution, child labor, and unequal pay.

Ten thousand hours or 10 years is the duration in which someone must be willing to practice in order to achieve world class expertise in any desired skill. Utilizing this much time is the phenomenon known as the 10,000 hour rule. However, time is not the only criteria in need of consideration; in fact, people are gifted in multiple ways, but people do not take the time to pursue their niches. Therefore, the 10,000 hour rule allows people to take the time to evolve their natural gifts.

An excerpt from a testimony dialogue from the early 1800’s states that “a factory worker named Elizabeth Bentley had work hours beginning at 5 in the morning to 9 at night” (Document 7). This remains to be a clear point of child labor and employment that was supported during the revolution because of the need for workers in textile and other factories. The hours given to children were the same as adult men and women, and required the same amount of effort and efficiency. An everyday shift was the example stated above, a total of 16 hours, which is far longer than the average job today in North America. The same testimony dialogue also showed evidence in which “Bentley’s labor caused deformation in her legs, in which she had ‘weak ankles and crooked knees’ from working in the factory’s harsh conditions” (Document 7). This shows that, while work hours were also irrational,

hour standard. (How did Labor Unions Start?, 2015)” I believe the impact of the harsh condition

At one point in history, it was lawful, even normal, to treat employees terribly, pay them unfairly, and hire people that could do more work for less pay. This period was called the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution transpired from the mid-1700s’ to the mid-1900’s. Many inventions and improvements were made during that time, but not without a cost. While some might argue that Industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because of the advances made in the production of goods, it was actually a negative thing for society. Industrialization’s negative effects were the unsafe environment for workers, the devastation of living conditions, and the labor of children.

Child labor was a great problem in the Industrial Revolution. Factory owners usually hired women and children rather than men. They said that men expected higher wages, and they suspected that they were more likely to rebel against the company. Women and children were forced to work from six in the morning to seven at night, and this was when they were not so busy. They were forced to arrive on time and they couldn’t fall behind with their work because if they did they were whipped and punished. Child labor was a great concern in the Industrial revolution but very few people did something to stop it.

Working longer than twelve hours a day would be considered preposterous for the average worker in modern-day America. Industrialization, however, forced hundreds of men, women, and children alike to work for sixteen hours daily. A poem by an unknown author states that “[before] dawn my labor drives me forth tis night when I am free” (Document 2). Workers have to get up even before dawn to begin their work, and they don’t return until late at night. This was particularly difficult for the women workers, as they were still expected to cook, clean, and care for the household even after working interminable hours of labor. After those lines, the author adds that “A stranger am I to my child; and he one to me” (Document 2). Because of the author’s

The Revolutionary act in 1780 in England would not have been fulfilled without the help of hundreds of men, women, and children sparing dangerously long hours in factories or mines. Even though the work was tough, these people were essential in the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Document one of the evidence exemplifies the use of child labor in England, through a simple interview. The interviewee, William Cooper informed the interviewer who was a member of the Sadler Committee, that he had begun working at the age of ten in mills, and the work was not at all easy. William, when asked how long he normally worked, explained, “We began at five in the morning, and stopped at nine in the night.” (Cooper). This quote demonstrates that everyone, even children, worked long, hard hours and had a very short break, “one period of forty minutes in the sixteen hours” (Cooper), to be exact. Apart

People and children would work ridiculous hours for little wages. Children would be put to work in the mines or even at a factory. As quoted from the Clayton Anti-Trust Act, "The labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce,"(Document E). In response to these issues, labor laws were created. Woodrow Wilson introduced an eight hour workday, minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor laws to prevent children younger than 14 from working in a factory or

Employees are forced to work for long periods of time without breaks and less pay. This especially affects Jurgis and his family because their main source of income has been cut. Ona, Jurgis's wife, has also just had a baby and because he is at work for so long he is not able to spend time with his baby. (Sinclair, 420) The laborers in Packingtown are worked at a greater speed, but also working for a long time. (428) Because of this, their wages would increase and decrease rapidly. This made their family constantly worrying about how much money they had. After working for so long, workers begin to become reckless, hurting themselves and causing

The Industrial Revolution brought awful working conditions to those who worked in factories and elsewhere. Working conditions for adults and kids were drudgery. “I am at work in a spinning room tending four sides of warp which is one girl’s work” (Document 1) People were expected to do hard work each day no less. If there was a break it was limited, people were not treated fairly. Breaks were ideally rare in majority of the jobs.“What time was allowed for meals? Forty minutes at noon” (Document 7). Lunch was truly the only meal which isn't enough food to have people functioning for the rest of the nine hours left that they were required to work. Since there was little pay there was little for lunch so the food that was given was not enough.

One disadvantage of a paid time off program are employees taking advantage of the flexibility of a paid time off program (Warford, 2014). Sometimes employees will abuse paid time off programs especially when most PTO programs have very few restrictions. Human resources professionals need to set up policy restrictions that will either reveal or curb abuse of the paid time policy. Employee need to under that liberal paid time off programs are a benefit to help employees balance work and family obligations. To reduce rollover of paid time off many employers implement a use or lose policy. This may cause employees who want to take longer vacations to come to work sick when they need to be home. Since they cannot rollover PTO from year to year some

According to Attewell (1987) Braverman starts with an argument that was made by Marx (1967), which stated that employees sell only their ability to work. Management must ensure that this ability is turned into work performed by the employees which will lead to profitability. Additionally, Braverman takes into consideration three implications that result from the argument made by Marx. Firstly, Adam Smith (1970) makes an argument about how managers can increase productivity by dividing work so that employees can perform different work activities at the same time. Braverman (1974) does not agree with the theory of division of labour as proposed by Adam Smith and argues that the efficiency gains explained by Smith

Child labor is work that children should not be doing, work that may harm their health and keeps them without education. While working children have no time for attending schools and get education that is the most important thing for their future life and success. But not all work done by children should be accepted as child labor. In other words, if a work doesn’t harm child’s health or personal development (educational issues), it is generally accepted as something positive and useful. Such activities develop children’s skills, provide experience and formulate them to be part of society. The term “Child Labor” is when children do work that damages their health or hamper mental or physical

The term labour relations, refers to the system in which employers, employees and their representatives (management) and, the government who all interact and work together directly and indirectly to set the ground rules for working relationships inside and organization. labour relations has its roots stemming from the industrial revolution, where we saw the emergence of trade unions to represent workers and their rights. A labour relations system reflects the interaction between the main actors in the organization namely the government, the employer, trade unions and employees. Well set out labour relations in an organization safeguards fair labour practices, as well as contributes to long term success within the organization.