Accounting practice in the post‐Enron era: the implications for financial statements in the property industry. Retrieved February 05, 2018, from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bref.80/abstract Enron Case study. (n.d.). Retrieved February 15, 2018, from http://www.applied-corporate-governance.com/enron-case-study.html Gladwell. M. (2007, January 8).
In this study with sampling period during 2010-2015. So the observations made is to use time series data and cross section. Types and Data Sources The data used in this research is quantitative data, ie data that can be measured by numbers. The type of data used is secondary data that has been processed from the previous party from the primary data collectors and in the form of research journals required and financial statements of manufacturing companies 2010-2015 period published from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data analysis technique The First Altman Z-Score Analysis (1968) According to Altman (1968) in The Journal of Finance, Z-Score Altman model is a model by predicting or classifying companies to determine the level of health based on the value of Z obtained.
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In this regard, industrial competitiveness can be well explained by defining the competitiveness at the firm level, at the industrial level and at the international level. • Measuring Competitiveness There are various approaches through which competitiveness can be measured. However following three approaches are commonly in use to measure competitiveness. o Global Competitiveness Report prepared by World Economic Forum (WEF) o The World Competitiveness Yearbook prepared by Institute for Management Development (IMD) o Business Competitiveness- Ease of Doing Business Report prepared by Finance Corporation (IFC) are substantially prominent. WEF publish “Global competitiveness report on annual basis.