Virtues are important to engineering because they can act as a guide for engineers to make morally correct choices. An engineer without virtues cannot be considered a good person; therefore, they will likely make immoral decisions that only benefit themselves. This paper will explore Aristotle’s understanding of eudaimonia and arête, the differences between virtues of thought and virtues of character, and several virtues that are important to engineering and will allow me to flourish over the course of my career.
According to Aristotle, eudaimonia (happiness) is a term that encompasses what it means to live well. He says eudaimonia is not a state of mind and does not come and go as happiness, in the traditional sense, can. Instead, it is an activity that involves virtuous actions and rational activity. In order to be eudaimonious, one must exhibit arête. Arête means virtue or excellence. An example is that knowledge is an excellence of the soul.
Aristotle mentions virtues of thought and virtues of character. Virtues of thought (intellectual virtues) promote critical thinking and the pursuit of truth. Aristotle mentions five virtues that allow the soul to reach the truth. An example of an intellectual virtue is techne. Techne involves arts, crafts, and skills. Virtues of character (moral virtues) are acquired by habit. They do not occur naturally and require repetitive training to master. Each moral virtue is a mean between two vices of excess and
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Truthfulness is emphasized tremendously in the engineering code of ethics. An engineer must always be truthful, honest, and act with integrity. Ambition is also vital to an engineer’s success. It is imperative that engineers do not become complacent in their work and always strive to achieve great things; however, it is equally important to stay grounded and not be consumed with avarice of power or
A virtue is when a person behaves in a moral manner. Certain virtues that societies should possess can be harmful. Typically, good virtues, such as honor, courage, and compassion. are commonly used by people as a way of living. Every society should live by the good virtues and strive to ensure that all citizens are treated equally.
Unlike Utilitarian ethics, a consequentialist moral theory, or Kantian ethics, a moral theory based on the alignment of one’s will and one’s duty, Aristotle’s Virtues Ethics does not discuss morality of single actions but rather “what sort of person should one be? What does it mean to live a good life?” This is important for engineers to ask a similar question in their professional career, “What does it mean to be a good engineer?” because they impact society’s ability to innovate and progress technologically, while maintaining or increasing society’s quality of life. The effects engineers have has been discussed in class, including examples like the development of the lightbulb, radio, and concrete.
A virtue is a desirable characteristic rather than a universal law or rule that should ultimately lead to individual flourishment as well as the betterment of humanity. Incidentally, engineers can use virtues such as competence, honesty, and temperance in order to attain a state of responsible professionalism. This status essentially parallels some of the claims listed in the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) Engineering Code of Ethics such as the statement “an engineer, in the fulfillment of their professional duties, shall hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public” (NSPE, 2007). With an inherent desire to be virtuous, engineers can learn to better themselves in order to better society. In this paper, through Aristotle’s understanding of virtue ethics, I plan to demonstrate the virtues I have acquired during my time at Texas A&M University and the virtues specifically relevant to civil engineering.
In Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, Book ll, he explains that virtue is a habit of right action, formed by acting rightly (Nicomachean Ethics, p. 71). What he means by this is that everyone has the chance to act virtuously, but we must for work at doing what is right. Aristotle thought we should be virtuous because if we live virtuously than we will have a better life over
The virtues aren’t for any one specific group but a group as a whole. Man should follow the virtues and not vicious actions because vicious actions are harmful. Franklin believes that everyone should take interest in being virtuous if they “wish’d to be happy even in this World.” (Franklin, 433) Franklin’s 13 Virtues was a guide for Americans and future generations to follow to become the model citizens they believed they were.
The main topic of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics is eudaimonia, i.e. happiness in the “living well” or “flourishing” sense (terms I will be using interchangeably). In this paper, I will present Aristotle’s view on the role of external goods and fortune for the achievement of happiness. I will argue that he considers them a prerequisite for virtue. Their contribution to happiness is indirect, via the way they affect how we can engage in rational activity according to the relevant virtues. I will then object that this view threatens to make his overall account of happiness incoherent.
Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics begins by exploring ‘the good’. Book I argues that, unlike other goods, “happiness appears to be something complete and self-sufficient, and is, therefore, the end of actions” (10:1097b20-21). In other words, happiness is the ultimate good. But how does one achieve happiness? Aristotle formulates this in the context of work, since for all things, from artists to horses, “the good and the doing it well seem to be in the work” (10:1097b27-28).
Thus, when human function is done well, it is in accordance with virtue and best human life is achieved. In addition, it can be inferred that since Aristotle’s definition of happiness is to be virtuous, performing rational activity well can lead to happiness. In addition, Aristotle states, “if there are more than one virtue, in accordance with the best and most complete” (1098a18). This means that eventually there will be one virtue that is inclusive of all virtue and that displays an end, and this virtue will be in line with the self-sufficient and inclusive concept of happiness as the chief good. If this inclusive virtue and good is achieved, ultimate happiness will be achieved as well.
Intellectual virtues which come from practical and theoretical wisdom. This requires experience and knowing the right way to do the right thing. This is reason in the strict sense. Then there are virtues of character e.g. courage and generosity i.e. moral virtues. and play a crucial role in perfecting our desires and emotions e.g. fear and greed, that we can become victim too.
In Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, the concept of happiness is introduced as the ultimate good one can achieve in life as well as the ultimate goal of human existence. As Aristotle goes on to further define happiness, one can see that his concept is much different from the 21st-century view. Aristotelian happiness can be achieved through choosing to live the contemplative life, which would naturally encompass moralistic virtue. This differs significantly from the modern view of happiness, which is heavily reliant on material goods. To a person in the 21st-century, happiness is simply an emotional byproduct one experiences as a result of acquiring material goods.
Aristotle proposes that eudaimonia is the most intrinsically valuable. Eudaimonia is defined as happiness, or well-being. Happiness is probably the best English word to translate eudaimonia, the term also has relations with fulfillment, success, and flourishing. A person who is eudaimon is not just merely enjoying life but is relishing life by living magnificently. One’s reputation and success, different than one’s emotional welfare, can be affected after death, which makes Aristotle’s discussion of eudaimonia after death significantly more relevant.
In utilitarian and Kantian view of ethics, such virtuous values are not taken into consideration. This short paper suggests how future engineers should apply the virtues and excellences in their fields and why virtuous engineers are more likely to contribute to society and make it better. In Aristotle’s view, virtue(arête) is defined as an essential factor to achieve happiness of an individual, while happiness(eudaimonia) is defined as an ultimate objective of human-being. Aristotle insisted that the order of priority may decide whether one’s goal should be considered as a means or the goal itself.
Essential Virtues: Achieving a Good Life Man has always sought after what he deemed a “good life”. A good life is being able to achieve one’s goals, pursuit of happiness, or when life’s blessings outweigh the burdens. Virtues help guide one to become morally excellent and live a fulfilling life. A virtue can be a behavior, personality trait, or habit that affects one’s emotions, perceptions and choice in life.
Aristotle advanced the philosophy of ethics, where he demonstrated that it is a means of achieving an end to happiness. However, happiness means many things to different people. To Aristotle, the most adequate way to pursue happiness is through the virtue of excellence. In his writings, Aristotle connected his therory of virtue to economics, and leadership as well. It is a matter of connecting ones personal ethics to that of ones business ethics.
Plato claimed that virtue is a type of knowledge since qualities are only beneficial when they are accompanied by knowledge. Virtue is always beneficial, thus, it must be a form of knowledge. If virtue is knowledge, vice – being the opposite of virtue – must be the lack of knowledge. As with every ethical system, Aristotle’s theory is subject to some criticism.