1. Ex: Source. The source is important because that’s where the message is coming from. Who you are plays a large part in how your message is received.
2. Goal. The goal is the purpose of sending messages. It helps setting a direction that business or action is driven to, with specific pros and cons analyze.
3. Audience. The Audience is the reader or receiver of the messages. Identifying all possible audiences’ expectations and reactions before they receive the messages can help a writer reaching the goal.
4. Context. The context is the main information in a message. Keeping the context friendly to race, political issues, and religions can prevent negative feedback from self- interpretation.
5. Message. The message is a clear and specific
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After the process is all done, I needed to write a Thank you note to the managers who interviewed me. This is a professional email to help the managers remember me. Thus, to the different managers, I wrote different things they were interested during the interview process. One of the manager loves to talk about dogs, and I wrote about my pet. One of the employee is more logical person, and I wrote a short analysis.
3. Look at Peter Drucker’s four fundamental communication principles. Which surprised you most? Can you see this principle in your communication challenges?
In the Peter Drucker’s four fundamental communication principles, the perception part surprised me the most. “Only what has actually been understood will have been communicated.” This shows that the success of a talk is not depending on the lengthen of the paragraph. In fact, if the message is not short and clear, neither any words will affect audiences. As a non-native speaker, I always use lots of sentences to support one single claim. Sometimes those sentences do not make any additional clarification. I need to learn how to communicate with more perceptual language.
4. According to the text, why is “who you are as a communicator” so important? Discuss the idea in your own
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The way that one speaks represents not only the message itself, but the personality on speaker. The way that one listens to others also somehow encourages or discourages people to continue. Communication is an interaction between humans. Thus, identify and examine ourselves can help us to improve skills.
5. Name Aristotle’s essential elements of communication. In one sentence for each, describe and signify their importance.
1. Logos. Logos is to logically construct sentences with correct words. It represents whether the writer is effective communication or not by showing its literacy and critical thinking.
2. Pathos. Pathos is the emotion contain in the sentences. It makes connection between people by establishing the same or similar feeling from the message.
3. Ethos. Ethos is the credibility of the sources. It suggests if the writer is trustable or not.
6. Listening is probably the most important skill you can hone and one of the most overlooked in terms of excellent communication. What are 3 ways you can become a better listener?
1. Paraphrase. Restating people’s concern can double check their opinion as well as making them feel being
Authors know this and they use these words to c persuade the reader. Authors have been using these technique of pathos throughout the years. They use this in controversial topics or political criticism to make their statement stronger. This can be seen as far as back in the days of slavery and women standing up for themselves to have their voices heard. Both authors, Frederick Douglass and Elizabeth Stanton use the rhetorical appeal of pathos in their writing which contributes to the effectiveness of their argument by appealing to the readers emotion.
6. Who is the audience or intended recipient of the document? Be specific. Answer:
Pathos is generally known as the emotion and imagination of a writing piece. With the author’s tone, it leads to causing a reaction from the audience. It causes the audience to think ahead and they either agree or disagree. Some stronger than others of course. The part of the writing that results in emotions is the very last paragraph.
Lastly, pathos is the appeal to emotion. I could give background information of my thoughts and feelings during the police raids of my house and how hard my sisters cried because of the ‘scary’ men and dogs that would search through everything.
To persuade readers authors use pathos by creating an emotional connection essentially
Audiences are the receivers of messages. Typically, companies or organizations are “pushing” information out to audiences – disseminating material without the goal of listening in return. A common example is when companies issue news releases. They have information about an event, an acquisition or a policy decision that is important for their audiences to know, but they most likely are not looking for those audiences to weigh in at the time of release – just like Jerry Seinfeld. He is telling us his jokes and humorous observations.
Pathos is the appeal of the auhor to the emotions and the passions of the audience. The writing resource site reported that the language is used by the emotional appeal in a way that associated and authorized the audience sympathize with the writer. (http://figurativelanguage.net/.html) Throughout his autobiography, Frederick douglass portrayed his several experiences and make the audience feel the humiliation of being enslaved by another person. For instance, Douglass recounted his experience and feeling of watching his aunt being whipped by the master until she became totally covered with blood and described also the pleasure of the slavemaster seemed to take in it.
Ethos is “the character and credibility of the writer in the eyes of the reader.” An example of this is, “We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions..”. The author shows their credibility by stating they are representatives of the United States of America. The authors also portrayed this by, “In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms.”
These messages enclose information, and the senders of these messages intend particular meanings to reach the receiver of the message, who will then attribute a meaning to the message. The intended meaning may be varying from the meaning attribute to the message by the receiver. This is not only due to the words was used but also by the non-verbal messages that are also sent (Fielding, 1995). Heath (1997) stated that communication occurs in various ways and at diverse levels of awareness. Barber (1993, cited in Heath, 1997) states that communication is that sharing understandings and involves openness to the enquiry of another person, having attention, perception, receptivity and empathy towards that person.
He discussed Douglas Park’s definition of audience that includes those who hear or read a discourse, those who are a part of an external rhetorical situation, those who the writer thinks of, and the audience suggested by the discourse. Grant-Davie says that reading and writing can be a negotiation between the readers and writers. Constraints as factors in a situation that can affect the achievement of the rhetorical objectives. Grant-Davie defined constraints as all factors in a situation aside from the rhetor and audience that can lead the audience to consider the discourse differently and influence the rhetors response. He also said that a rhetorical situation ends when the discourse has been
The writers accurately depict ethos because they represent multiple viewpoints and they have connected themselves to the topic. Pathos is used in the document because they expressed their emotions for
The audience could be aimed at generally anybody who is interested in English. More specifically, it could be targeted at people who do have encountered problems with language barriers. Tan had a minor epiphany while giving a speech with her mother in the audience. She realized the different variations of English she exchanges between her mother, husband, and the rest of the
Audience as an Influencer When writing any type of composition, is the author consciously aware of who their audience will be? Benjamin Franklin started writing an autobiography of his life when he was about sixty-five years old. This self-narrative was written about Franklin’s life goals and accomplishments. The subject of who Franklin’s intended audience comes into question throughout the self-narrative.
4.a. Speaker: The speaker is Arthur Miller. 4.b. Audience: The audience is the reader.
The audience is anyone who is listening to the discourse or who a writer seems to have in mind (Rhetorical situations and their constituents). This may affect what you say or how you say it. If you are having a discourse with your buddies you may be loud and use vulgar language; however, if you are in a room with professionals you will speak in a polite manner and with a professional tone. Constraints are another complicated aspect of a discourse just as the exigence. Constraints are “limitations on the rhetor” these can be either positive or negative (Rhetorical situations and their constituents).