All human creatures, not just philosophers, have the right to receive the truth about their existence and destiny (n. 38). By the revelation of Jesus, God the Father has made the truth available to every man and woman. Jesus Christ is not only the revelation of God to man, he is also the revelation of man to himself. In the sacred mystery of the Incarnate Word, man can understand himself. Christ "reveals man to himself and makes clear his supreme calling, which is to share in the divine mystery of the life of the Trinity" (n. 13).
He then said the state is also sacred and the power of the state receives in God alone (Wanlass 1953: 157). He then began to discuss that state is also divine in nature because it also came from God and the ruler of the state is also sacred. On the other hand, Luther had no sympathy in equality because for him in a civil state inequality is a necessity (Wanlass 1953: 157). John
Although, through an absolute monarchy would only benefit the king and his noblemen, but the Magna Carta changed that when rights were given to the people. The Magna Carta greatly states, “Men in our kingdom shall have and keep all these liberties, rights, and concessions” (Britannica). To illustrate, the Magna Carta states no man will be denied of their rights or justice, instead will be equally among his heirs and the government. With that being said, no individual rights will be oppose under this justice system. Thus, from the article one of the constitution states, “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
In a world where absolute rulers rarely exist, it is hard to imagine how Thomas Hobbes would react to our current state of affairs. However, his theories helped shape the landscape of modern political thought. In Leviathan, Hobbes defines the power of a sovereign as being absolute to ensure everyone’s security (136). He describes the state of nature as synonymous to a state of war with “every man, against every man” (82), and the law of nature as “a precept … by which a man is forbidden to do that, which is destructive of his life, or taketh away the means of preserving the same” (84). Individuals form a Commonwealth to escape the state of nature so that “one person, of whose acts a great multitude, by mutual covenants with another, have made themselves every one the author, to the end he may use the strength and means of them all, as he shall think expedient, for their peace and common defense” (112).
Locke's most important and influential political writings are contained in his Two Treatises on Government. The first treatise is concerned almost exclusively with refuting the argument that political authority was derived from religious authority. The second treatise contains Locke’s own constructive view of the aims and justification for civil government. According to Locke, the State of Nature, the natural condition of mankind, is a state of perfect and complete liberty to conduct one's life as one best sees fit, free from the interference of others. This does not mean, however, that it is a state of license: one is not free to do anything at all one pleases, or even anything that one judges to be in one’s interest.
Therefore, as the supreme perfection is in God, one could say that He directs worldly events to their rightful conclusion. In the book of Job, St. Thomas tried to reject the view that God is somehow not personally involved in the lives of people, that He is indifferent and people are subject to vicissitudes of nature. This is the type of argument the deists try to assert, that God, after creation, cares no more for his creatures. St. Thomas argues that by understanding that God as the universal cause, He ordained that the universe would be governed by a series of inferior or secondary causes. Hence, conclusively, providence works through a hierarchy of
Stoicism gave the entire traditional definition of natural law. The Stoics contended that the universe is represented by reason, or rational standard; they further contended that all people have reason inside them and in this manner they can know and comply with its law. Since people have a free will, they won 't really comply with the law; but even if they act as per their reason, they will be "following nature". Christian thinkers promptly adapted Stoic natural law theory, recognizing natural law with the law of God. For Thomas Aquinas, normal law is that part of the endless law of God ("the reason of divine intelligence") which is comprehensible by people by means of their forces of reason.
In his Letter Concerning Toleration, John Locke states that, above all things, he finds it “necessary to distinguish exactly the business of civil government from that of religion and to settle the just bounds that lie between the one and the other.”1 This argument can be defied by analyzing the definitions of moral law, real justice, and how they work together. It is impossible to execute justice in civil affairs without reference to moral law. Civil affairs and morality must coincide to execute justice in a state. Moral law is “a rule or group of rules conceived as universal and unchanging and as having the sanction of God 's will, of conscience, of man 's moral nature, or of natural justice as revealed to human reason.”2 According to
King stood up for righteousness and did not give room to fear or the enemy. More than racial equality, Dr. King believed in Human Dignity. Everyone No matter of their ethnic back ground deserved the chance at life and the basic freedoms guaranteed to them by the united states Declaration of independence “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness” (Declaration of Independence, 1776). Above all else Dr. King strived to do God’s will, He talks about the place He would travel, If God asked him where He wanted to go, He ends with stating that He would continue in the 20th century. ( (Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.,
In his work, Locke puts a different perspective on the original, natural state of man. Unlike Hobbes with his thesis about the "war of all against all," Locke said that initially the absolute freedom of people has been a source of struggle, and expressed their willingness to follow the natural laws. This is the natural desire of people to lead them to the realization that it is necessary for the common good, to save the function free. Human life would be dangerous, brutish and short, without the presence of the authorities. Without political power all will live in a state of nature, where everyone has the freedom not limited to damages for all.