Assignment 6: The Guidance Model Of Infant Development

In a society rife with gender stereotypes and biases, children regularly learn to adopt gender roles which are not always fair to both sexes. As children move through childhood and into adolescence, they are exposed to many factors which influence their attitudes and behaviours regarding gender roles. These attitudes and behaviours are generally learned first in the home and are then reinforced by the child‘s peers, school experience, and television viewing. However, the strongest influence on gender role development seems to occur within the family setting, with parents passing on, both overtly and covertly, their own beliefs about gender. This overview of the impact of parental influence on gender role development leads to the suggestion

An overview of play Play, when viewed from a point of study, puts forth many insights about the way in which children think, learn, process and foster connections with the world around them. Play has been linked to children’s cognitive development. Berk says that play offers children the opportunity to learn about one’s self, about others, and the environment around. Children engaged in play develop many social and emotional concepts which may not be otherwise achieved in other setups. Playing with others helps the children to learn about things like co-operating, respecting others, helping others.

Children actively involved in play may be engaged in a variety of activities, independently, with a partner, or in a group. Because play is closely tied to the cognitive, socio-emotional, and motor development of young children, it is an important part of developmentally appropriate early childhood

It is how they start learning various things about themselves and the ways of the world. Choosing The Best Educational Toys For Toddlers When the kids play with the right types of children toys, their physical, mental, emotional, social, and communication skills develop better and faster. Playing is vital for child development. Those who had insufficient learning experiences as an infant, toddler or preschooler faced learning problems later at school. When children play with toys and various game items, they unknowingly learn different core and sophisticated skills.

But why do toddlers, think and question everything? Well, becoming new to this world toddler want to soak up everything and as much as possible. That is why in this phase, toddlers are called “little sponges”. But once this is profound, they grow into “little investigators”. On this journey, children tend to learn about emotions and psychology, then can enhance their emotions and characteristics.

Associative play is when the child slowly begins to socialize with other children in a unorganized way. It detaches the child from being so independent to sharing what they have. The final play is cooperative that begins to shows the children the importance of being social and working with one another. Within all of these plays that Mildred Patren observed she realized the different behaviors children have at that age, but weren’t bad. Whether the child is to themselves or working with others they are still working through

Understanding that gendered toys could lead to different developmental patterns in boys and girls, which then leads to different involvement in different fields, is a very real possibility and consequence to the real world. Toys are capable of forming and molding a child’s personal expectations to meet standards; whether or not we push these standards or leave them unchanged is going to define what our children believe they are capable of achieving in the

Attachment allows the children to have a secure base which is essential to explore, learn and uses the primary caregiver as a source of comfort (Benoit 2004).The way different children behave enables the parents to response in many different ways which are influenced by their attachment pattern (Rees 2007). Bowlby believed that an infant attachment behaviours are natural and will be activated by any condition which may threaten their proximity such as separation. The attachment relationship between the child and the caregiver prepares them for future relationships (Gantt et al 1995). Bowlby (1990) developed the attachment theory as a way of understanding how specific infants bond to others, he noticed infants engaging in certain behaviours such as smiling which led to a close and secure bond and relationship with their caregiver which portrayed a secure attachment towards their mother. Secure attachment is defined as when the infant feels secure and can freely express their emotions which will be comforting from their caregiver.

During this period, called the formal operational stage, children begin to use the formal rules of thought and logic to provide justification of their answers. They formulate and test complex hypotheses, they think abstractly and generalize, using abstract concepts, from one situation to another. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Social development analyzes how children or people make connection with others. The first stage of social development starts in infancy, when child’s first social connections occur with his mother. A baby is very much attached with his mother because she feds him, cares him and loves him.

Assessments are done to enable the building of a programme to facilitate a child’s strengths/needs, or who need additional services or supports such as SNA’s. It also allows for planning and constructing intervention programmes to aid ones learning. An assessment needed for the diagnosis of ADHD is multifaceted and includes behavioural, medical, and educational data gathering. One component of the diagnosis includes an examination of the child’s history through comprehensive interviews with parents, teachers, and health care professionals. Interviewing these individuals determines the child’s specific behaviour characteristics, when the behaviour began, duration of symptoms, whether the child displays the behaviour in various settings, and coexisting conditions.