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State Of The Atmosphere Essay

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1.1. The structure of the Atmosphere :

The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope around the earth.It is like a ocean of air,under which the humans, animals and all things that are living. The extent of the atmosphere from the ground is about 1000 Km. After that there is only space. The atmosphere consists of many gaseous components in different ratios. Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon and with small amounts of carbon-di-oxide are the major constituents of the atmosphere. The earth and its atmosphere absorbs the solar radiation, by which all the activities drives. The whole gaseous envelope undergoes changes due to the solar and anthropogenic forcing and is governed by the laws of thermodynamics and fluid dynamics.
There are four parameters that define the state of the atmosphere are the Pressure, Temperature, Humidity and Wind (Speed and Direction). Among all, the temperature is the dynamical force that varies much due to the solar radiation on the earth's atmosphere and it drives the changes in the other three parameters also. Therefore by the atmospheric temperature, the whole atmosphere can be studied. Based on this the atmosphere is divided into four regions. Those …show more content…

It extends more at equator and less at poles. The troposphere is mainly heated by the convective and radiative heating from the earth surface. In this region the temperature decreases as altitude increases. The region above the troposphere is called Stratosphere. It extends up to 12-50 Km from the tropopause.The major constituents of this layer are molecular nitrogen and oxygen and a number of minor chemical species that result from photochemical reactions in the ultraviolet radiation environment. So, here the temperature is due to radiation process. The temperature increases as altitude increases. The region above the stratosphere is called Mesosphere, which extends up to 100km. The density of the mesosphere layer is

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