Validity refers to the degree to which the questions measure what they are measuring. Validity of questionnaires can be pilot-tested to eliminate and identify any occurring problems before administering the questionnaire. Another way of ensuring validity is to use questions from previous researches. In this research, the pilot-testing method of research was used to ensure validity was found to be the most suitable option for exploratory research. (Malhotra and Birks, 2007, 159.)
In qualitative research, the researcher interprets the data by developing a description, analyzing data and finally drawing conclusions about its meaning theoretically. The characteristics of qualitative research (Rossman and Rallis, 1998) cited in Creswell are: 1) Qualitative research usually done in the field. Meaning that the researcher should go to the field of the research object in order to collect the primary data. In this case, researcher will be able to know and understand deeply about the research object and gain better experience and got more detail data. 2) Qualitative research uses data collective which involve the participant actively and sensitively in the study.
Data Validity To confirm the validity of the data, a check is needed to test the data and the data analysis. One of the techniques used in this research in checking the validity of the data is triangulation. Triangulation is an analytic technique, used during fieldwork as well as later during formal analysis, to corroborate a finding with evidence from two or more different sources (Yin, 2011, p.313). Besides, triangulation aims to gather multiple perspectives on the situation being studied (Cresswell, 2010, 629). There are two mains types of triangulation; by source and by methods (Ary, 2010, p.499).
Quantitative research method is used to conduct this study .References are made throughout the study in order to build on the previously established knowledge. Only articles with quantitative studies were taken into account, as the main focus was to survey consumer perceptions and impact of augmented reality. Such an approach towards a literature review (classification based on technologies' effects on users) has been conducted in previous reviews (Varadarajan et al., 2010; Voorveld et al., 2009).The quantitative method implies the collection of numerical data and analyze the relationships between the variables by using standardized statistical techniques (Saunders et al., 2012, p162-163).The main aim of the collect data from our research question that a quantitative method is the most appropriate
As stated by (Sekaran & Bougie, 2016) a research design is an outline or plan for the gathering, estimation and examination of information, made to answer research questions. The research design refers to the general system that coordinate the distinctive segments of the study in a coherent and logical way, along these lines, guaranteeing researcher will viably address the research problem. It constitutes the blueprint for the accumulation, estimation, and investigation of information. (Trochim, 2006) Also note that the research problem decides the type of design researcher should utilize, not a different way. The type of study design that have been used by researcher is descriptive design.
Quantitative research is a method to quantify data with a combination of deductive logic and empirical observations to define and identify what factors or variables in the population that influence an outcome. The data is collected by using structured data collection instruments such as content analysis, discourse analysis, questionnaires and surveys to produce a narrow-angle lens which is able to eliminate biasness. Quantitative research is an important research approach to test the hypotheses and statistical analysis is developed to support the hypotheses. (Park, 2012) It is often designs in closed-ended questions to gather and interpret the data from a large sample which will be the representative of the whole population. Qualitative research
“Mixed method” refers to research in which the researcher collects and analyses data, integrates the finding, and draws inferences using more than one method. 4.1 Evaluate appropriate research methodologies in terms of the research question The purpose of inquiry methodological analysis is to discover answers to questions through the application program of scientific routine. The main aim of research is to discover out the Truth, which is skin and which has not been discovered as yet. The following type of research methodologies is used by researchers to gain understanding. Action Research Intervention Research
(2007) mentioned that it is important to have a clear research strategy (design), a general plan of how the researcher will go about answering the research questions. Research strategy should contain clear objectives derived from the research questions; also, it should identify the sources from which the researcher intends to collect data. Sekaran (2003) pointed out that research design involves a series of rational decisions. These are: identifying the purpose of the study, whether it is exploratory, descriptive or hypothesis testing; identifying the type of investigation; deciding the extent of the researcher’s intervention; identifying the study setting; deciding measurement and measures; deciding data analysis; deciding data collection methods; deciding time horizon; deciding sampling design; identifying the unit of analysis. Accordingly, the choice of research design depends on the research questions, objectives and research philosophy.
4.2 Research Design For this study, the mode of research is quantitative research method with use structured questionnaire to the respondents. Quantitative research has become an acceptable in the form of research, especially social sciences. The primary data obtained from the results of a survey question conducted in the research area. Figure 1: Conceptual Framework 4.3 Research Setting This
Research Design comprises of different elements namely research approach, research purpose, and research strategy. 4.2.1 Research Approach The research approach for this study will be quantitative and deductive research as the study is based on long existing concepts and hence to be able to draw conclusion from findings on the observed data collected and relating them back to the concepts. Quantitative research is about asking others for their opinions in a ordered way so that firm facts and data can be created .As such to get consistent statistical results, it’s important to examine people in a fairly large number and to make sure they representative a sample of a target market. In this study we will make use of questionnaire as a mean of Quantitative research . Deductive approach can be explained by the means of hypotheses, which can be obtained from the theory.