Behind The Backlash Davidsson Summary

America alienates and demonizes Muslims and makes them feel like they do not belong and this makes it easier for terrorist groups, such as ISIS, to recruit by making individuals feel like America is the enemy and by giving them a sense of belonging. In this paper, I will argue that Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment largely exist in American society through the media, politics, popular culture, and social media; and as it continues to grow, it affects Muslims in America and it damages American communities and

These words imply that people should be scared by Islamic groups. Islamic terrorists are fighting ‘holy war’ against Western culture and values. Akbarzadeh and Smith

If discussed in class next to an Islamic student, both would feel ashamed, but it is still openly discussed. Islamic people would also feel offended when talking about terrorism, specifically about terrorist groups like ISIS. However, with today’s advance on technology and its various uses, this is a current trending topic. Of course, there are people who talk derogatively in favor of these inhumane wrong doings, but Mark Twain only creates consciousness. The problem is not in the book; the problem is in society’s mentality.

Anti-Muslim hate crimes have been recently rising in the US. Hate crimes are destructive, and harmful to the victim. A hate crime is an offensive like murder, arson, or vandalism that is inflicted on the victim because of the victims race, color, religion, or natural origin. Attack numbers on Muslims like 5,479 in 2014, and 5,850 in 2015 are not right and continuing to increase.

Is hatred and revenge ever justified? “Returning hate for hate multiplies hate, adding deeper darkness to a night already devoid of stars. Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate, only love can do that.” (Martin Luther King Jr.)

Persepolis proves that a stereotype of “fundamentalism, fanaticism, and terrorism” is dispelled by learning of the average citizen. Satrapi addresses this in Persepolis by using herself and multiple characters in the book. In America you grow up hearing that the middle eastern people are all terrorist, that statement becomes embedded into your brain. This book shows there is way more to the story that we don 't get on the news. The citizens’ stories need to be told too, because they are the ones dealing with oppression of their country.

Hamas wants Israelis out of the picture as they try and restore the Muslim Brotherhood. Israelis are “a foreign cancer on sacred Muslim land”. Hamas isn't the only group known for its ferocious acts. Terrorist attacks worldwide have occurred as a way to gain political power. However, not all extremists use violence for their way of sending a message.

Introduction Theorist Rogers Smith deemed racism an inherent tradition and key component of American political culture, denoting its prominence in both the social and legal systems since the country’s inception. In the United States, societal biases on race and immigration have come to greatly influence and provoke partison divisions and federal legislation. Tali Mandelberg identifies post-Emancipation attitudes as the source for past and current tension between the Democratic and Republican parties in seeking out support from white voters disgruntled by the racial shifts. This example serves as a prototype by which attitudes of voters and, as Vesla Weaver argues, conservative politicians create institutional racism evident in political campaigns

According to Merriam-Webster, the definition of Islamophobia is an irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against Islam or people who practice Islam, also known as Muslims. Islamophobia became a popular occurrence after the tragic terrorist event on September 11, 2001. Many sources, like news outlets or the common person, tend to put a bad image on Islam and its beliefs. On the other hand, there are people who try to shed light on the subject, and advocate towards the understanding of the religion. Examples of either type of those people are Daniel Pipes, Peter Bergen, and Reza Aslan.

Although the cause of the tragedy is not clear and its main actors, but the accusations by the neocons West (USA and Western Europe) focused on Islamic groups. That accusation was then led to hatred and excessive fear in Western societies to Islam and Islamic groups, who then called Islamophobia or Xenophobia. In the US, the expression of Islamophobia is not too thick. In fact, the tragedy of the WTC and the Pentagon in the US. The power of the neocons (Neoconservatism) or the ultra in the right side is also based in the United States (New York) but the attitude of the US society rather minimal Islamophobia found.

On the event of 9-11, Malala is telling people there are some misunderstandings in different countries. After the terrorists attack the World Trade Center, fear of Islam rises in western world that they think Muslim countries are supporting this event. However, some religious men in Malala’s society are viewing Bin Laden as a hero that he gives a hard punishment to the US because the US government is doing bad things in other countries. To my surprise, Malala is telling a different opinion than others. She thinks the 9-11 event is terrorism because people in the World Trade Center have nothing to do with the policies of the US government and Muslims are told not to kill innocent people in the Quran.

In the wake of 9/11, concerns about international terrorism permeated public political discourse in the UK, with the focus largely resting upon measures that could be taken to prevent similar attacks from occurring in Britain. The identity of the perpetrators of 9/11 as Muslims has had a significant negative impact on the British Muslims, who now are seen as a threat and have been identified as the key problem in the fight against terrorism home and abroad. For example, not long after 9/11, a former British Home Secretary, David Blunkett, accused impoverished and radicalized British Muslims of indulging of alleged segregation and of not speaking English at home. Certainly, the 9/11 attacks have had a significant influence on the implementation

Many different people and decisions influenced Osama bin Laden. Those influences lead bin Laden to create a terrorist group, and they would cause violence throughout the world. The terrorist group was named Al Qaeda and was formed in 1988. Instead of being military campaigns like people thought, it instead focused on acts of terrorism (“Osama bin Laden,” n.d.). Al Qaeda was a brotherhood organization which Osama bin Laden and his professor from King Abd Al Aziz University, Abdullah Azzam, founded.

The first is the leak of DeLome Letter from Spanish minister in Washington, Dupuy du Lome [1] to the press. This letter criticized President McKinley for being “weak” and labelled him as a “would-be politician” and a “jingoist” [2]. This letter was considered an insult to the president and the nation and further outraged the Americans toward Spain. The second immediate cause is the explosion of U.S.S Maine in Havana harbor which killed 2 officers and 258 crewmen. Even though the culprit behind this was unknown, the Yellow Journalism had successfully shaped public opinions to blame Spain for this incident and to demand the war with Spain.

On September 11th, nineteen terrorists of Saudi Arabian decent hijacked three planes and sent them on a path to the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. According to Reza Pankhurst, author of “A Legacy of 9/11: A Decade of Denial and Destruction,” Pankhurst stated that the reason for the attack was that the American government supported underrepresented regimes, extradition, and foreign intervention in the Middle East for its own political and economical gain (738). These actions led to a growing disfavor for the American government in the Middle East. In their opinion, United States had angered far too many Middle Eastern countries, and these citizens wished to exact revenge by “dispensing” the treatment they experienced to the American populace (739). According to “9/11 Attack,” this response manifested as the attacks on World Trade Center on September 11th, where approximately three thousand and four hundred people lost their lives.