Beryllium Research Paper

The average concentration is surface water is 1.9 µg/L.

* Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2002. Toxicological Profile for Beryllium. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service

Copper

Copper is an essential trace mineral, present in all body tissues, which plays a role in the formation of connective tissue, and in the normal functioning of muscles and the immune and nervous system. copper is necessary to The human body because of copper very important for normal growth and health, too Copper along with iron is a critical component in the formation of red blood cells, and can prevent osteoporosis and promotes healthy connective tissues ( skin, nails, hair, and blood vessels).

it is also used as antibiotics or on stomach human exposure of Bismuth levels are in sea water and few in fresh water "Reported bismuth concentrations vary from 10 to 30 ng/L in seawater and from a few ng to a few µg/L in freshwater" it levels in food are low" ranging from 0.1 to 1 µg/kg. " . however the exposure to Bismuth through food and water is likely to be little , and the cases of intoxication derive only from the use of the medicinal product ".Dietary intake in the UK has been estimated as 0.4–0.7

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Nickel

Nickel contains of combination with sulfur and iron ores . this metal are recent and have led to introduction of nickel in steel manufacturing , coin production and electro plating of metal object

Biological activity of nickel it has an impotent role in microorganisms and plants . nickel presence in many enzymes can be considered as essential trace element , although some health authorities question this assumption

Human exposure nickel has concentrations range from 4 to 80 ppm in soil vary according to geology input . it has concentrations in rivers and lakes range from 0.5 to 6 µg\L . many people are exposed to nickel through air, food , water cigarette smoke and dermal contact with coins or jewelry containing nickel alloys . however, nickel exposure in humans contact dermatitis's studies have demonstrated that in the US The average intake of nickel for infants is 69 µg/d , adults is146 µg/d (2 µg/kg/d), and in Switzerland is 73–142 µg/d and in the UK is140–150 µg/d for adults.

Recommended exposure drinking water levels for nickel should be less than 0.1 mg/L ,and the recommended dosages lower than 100–200 µg/d genotoxicity and reproductive