ipl-logo

Beta Blocker Research Paper

1115 Words5 Pages

Beta Blockers That are Used in Managing Heart Failure Heart failure occurs when the heart is not able to pump or fill with blood to reach the body needs, leading to decrease in pumping action and cardiac output. The body will sense the hypo-perfusion of vital organs then activate the compensatory mechanisms. First compensatory mechanism is cardiac compensation by increasing the heart rate, contractility, or myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling. Additionally, systemic compensation by increasing the blood volume via sodium water retention or redistribution of blood to vital organs. Moreover, neurohormonal compensation mechanism in which the body activate sympathetic nervous system, renin angiotensin aldosterone system, as well as release …show more content…

In heart failure, beta-1 receptor is down regulated, while beta-2 receptor is uncoupled from post-receptor event. The benefit of beta blockers depends on blocking beta-1 receptor. Beta-blockers in general antagonize the effect of catecholamines, resulting in negative chronotropic effect and negative inotropic effect. Possible mechanisms for beta blockers to improve survival include: anti-arrhythmic and anti-ischemic action, attenuation of catecholamine toxicity, as well as reduced cardiac remodeling. Metoprolol and bisoprolol are selective beta-1 blockers, while carvedilol is a non-selective beta blocker with additional alpha-1 blocking and antioxidant properties. There are several clinical trials show that beta blocker, such as metoprolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, and nebivolol, are used to treat heart …show more content…

In addition to reducing the contractility and heart rate by blocking beta-1 receptors, nebivolol induces phosphorylation of the endothelial enzyme endothelial NO synthase to produce NO, resulting in vasodilatory effect. Clinical trials have compared nebivolol with carvedilol in the treatment of patients with heart failure. Nebivolol improved the left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular volumes, and exercise capacity. Additionally, the Study of the Effects of Nebivolol Intervention on Outcomes and Re-hospitalization in Seniors with Heart Failure, or SENIORS, conclude that nebivolol reduced the number of deaths when compared with placebo. There are no large clinical trials have compared nebivolol with currently recommended beta blockers in hearts failure

Show More
Related

  • Procedural Terminology: A Case Study

    500 Words  | 2 Pages

    Initial discovery of diminished ventricular function permits adjustments in the chemotherapy regimen, either by increasing the break amid doses or by reducing the total cumulative dose of a theoretically toxic agent. Myocardial strain imaging allows detection of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction before it manifests as heart failure symptoms or a reduction in left ventricular ejection

    Read More

  • Beta Agonist

    622 Words  | 3 Pages

    Beta-2 agonists are used as short acting (reliever) and long acting (maintenance) beta agonists. This means

    Read More

  • Congestive Heart Failure Research Paper Outline

    349 Words  | 2 Pages

    2.Heart failure symptoms can include shortness of breath while sleeping or walking. Symptoms can show signs of chest pain or anxiety from stress. There are multiple signs and symptoms a person should look out for, such as dizziness, fatigue, rapid irregular heartbeat, or even swelling in the ankles, legs, and feet. But, in some cases there may be no symptoms at all. 3.Heart Failure can affect anyone of age, including infants, toddlers, children, teens, adults, and the elderly.

    Read More

  • Patient's Case Study: Syncope

    2129 Words  | 9 Pages

    4.1. Vasovagal Causes. 4.2. Orthostatic hypotension. 4.3.

    Read More

  • Congestive Heart Failure Research Paper

    689 Words  | 3 Pages

    If a patient cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors medication, vasodilators are also an option (Macon B.). Beta-Blockers can help reduce the blood pressure and slow down the rhythm of the heart (Macon, B.). Since a heart failure may cause the body to have more fluid than it should, diuretics may be used to reduce the fluid content in the

    Read More

  • Diastolic Heart Failure

    1517 Words  | 7 Pages

    Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) and adrenergic antagonists improve symptoms and the quality of life while decreasing mortality. No such therapies have been discovered for diastolic heart failure; however, angiotensin receptive blocking agents have the potential to decrease morbidity in the patients, but not the mortality. (Chatterjee 574). Although patients with diastolic heart failure have a lower annual mortality rate than patients with systolic heart failure, they have a higher rate than the general population. They also have hospitalization rates similar to those of patients with systolic heart failure.

    Read More

  • Rapid Consequence Intubation (RSI)

    644 Words  | 3 Pages

    Bailey RSI Medication and intent Summary Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a standardized protocol that uses medications to facilitate endotracheal intubation of patients in emergency settings (Mason, Weant & Baker, 2013). Some indications for use of RSI include respiratory distress, trauma, or decreased airway patency (Mason et al., 2013). RSI medications include pretreatment medications such as fentanyl or lidocaine; acute paralytic agents and sedatives; and long term pain management, sedative or paralytic agents (Mason et al., 2013).

    Read More

  • Perfusion Case Study

    1638 Words  | 7 Pages

    E.g. 99mTc-tetrofosmin (Myoview, GE healthcare), 99mTc-sestamibi (Cardiolite, Bristol-Myers Squibb now Lantheus Medical Imaging). Following this, the heart rate is raised to induce myocardial stress, either by exercise or pharmacologically with adenosine, dobutamine or dipyridamole (aminophylline can be used to reverse the effects of

    Read More

  • Atrial Fibrillation Research Paper

    764 Words  | 4 Pages

    • Procedure – a procedure such as a cardioversion with or without drugs may be done to reset the heart • Surgery – surgery may be indicated for a device called a pacemaker to regulate the heart. Other invasive procedures like catheter ablation, atrial ventricular (AV) node ablation, or a surgical maze procedure may be recommended if other treatment has failed. Prevention of

    Read More

  • Beta Blocker Research Paper

    203 Words  | 1 Pages

    Beta Blockers are beta-adrenergic blocking agents. They are medications that reduce your blood pressure. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of the hormone adrenaline and noradrenaline. When a person with hypertension takes a beta blocker, the heart beats more slowly and with less force, reducing the blood pressure. The heart contains beta 1 cells and the lungs contain beta 2 cells.

    Read More

  • Congestive Heart Failure Examples

    953 Words  | 4 Pages

    Congestive heart failure is a serious condition associated with reduced cardiac оutput, hyperthrоphy of the myоcardium, and stimulatiоn of the sympathetic NS. This results in down regulation of the beta AR number and cAMP in response to the оverstimulatiоn. Agonists of those receptors increase the cAMP levels, inverse agonists reduce those levels. However, it has been shown in vivo that inverse agonists such as metoprolol and bispolol cause improvement in mortality rates in mice models, xamoterol – an agonist used increased the mortality, while carvedolol – a neutral antagonist, did not have any effect (Greasley and Clapham, 2006).

    Read More

  • Nursing Intervention Plan

    1441 Words  | 6 Pages

    Beta blockers reduce the demand for cardiac oxygen by causing a reduction in afterload, contractility and heart rate. They also increase oxygen supply and reduce angina pain. Beta blockers suppress reflex tachycardia and decrease renin release enabling the decrease of blood pressure. Common side effects for beta blockers are bradycardia, drowsiness, fatigue, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Calcium channel blockers method of action is to prevent calcium ions from entering cells in order to treat effects on the heart and blood vessels.

    Read More

  • Case Study Cardiogenic Shock

    1075 Words  | 5 Pages

    This type of shock occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively. This is evident to patients who have had myocardial infarction, such as John’s case. In this illness, the heart has decreased contractility resulting to decreased cardiac output. Such decrease will stimulate the sympathetic nervous system to activate the compensatory mechanism by increasing the heart rate as evident in John’s vital sign to increase the peripheral pressure and ventricular

    Read More

  • Congestive Heart Failure Paper

    763 Words  | 4 Pages

    Congestive Heart Failure Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) is a clinical syndrome of worsening signs or symptoms of heart failure requiring hospitalization or other unscheduled medical care (Felker 2014). ADHF formerly known as congestive heart failure is one of the leading cause for hospitalizations in the United States. ADHF accounts for approximately 1 million hospitalizations per year in the United States (Arnold & Porepa 2012). According to the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry, patients hospitalized with ADHF have a substantial risk of in-hospital mortality and rehospitalization. Pathophysiology

    Read More

  • Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

    616 Words  | 3 Pages

    Case Study 2: CHF Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a disease process in which the cardiac function as a pump cannot meet the body requirements resulting in fluid buildup in tissues such as arms, abdomen, limbs, and lungs. Symptoms can include fatigue, edema, dyspnea, and reduced tolerance to activities. Causes of CHF are cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, etc. Cardiomyopathy is an illness that affects the myocardium (heart muscles) and includes three types: dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Managing a patient with this condition requires a proper treatment plan, techniques for education, and an all-inclusive teaching strategy.

    Read More

More about Beta Blocker Research Paper

Open Document