Betel vine in India is grown as an important cash crop across the states, of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. The Indian betel leaves (or ‘Paan’) are in great demand in several countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma and Thailand where demand far exceeds the local supply. Consequently, leaves worth about ₹ 30-40 million are exported to European countries (Guha,06). It is an opportunity for the Indian betel vine growers as well as seller to earn more profit not only within the country but alaso to European countries. Further, as far as the national employment generation is concerned, about 20 million people derive …show more content…
Betel vine cultivation in Sundarbans has its overall and holistic socio-economic impact on the farming community. The region otherwise is characterized with multi-faceted problems such as low crop productivity due to inherent problem of soil & water salinity and hence low returns. Farmers depend on natural sources completely and are able to cultivate only a single crop during the rainy season that is they are bound to mono-cropping (Mandal et al 2013). It is the most important cash crop and its cultivation has already brought a perceptible and conspicuous change in the livelihood security of farmers in Sundarbanregion and its farming population. Farmers are selling their produce at local markets as well as atdistant markets like in Midnapore district or in other markets (Chandra &Sagar, 2004). However, the betel vine is susceptible to damage caused by insects, rain and wind. Shortage of irrigation can also cause hindrance for the growth of betel vine.High cost of fertilizer & pesticide, fluctuating price, many intermediaries, inadequacy of finance, transport, absence of grading, lack of storage facility also cause of great loss to farmers. Although profitable, but many farmers were switching over to other crops from betel vine due to lack of money/credit facilities and also high price uncertainty in the local market (Absar 2015). ‘Paan’ …show more content…
Table 2.Land particulars under betel vine cultivation in study area
Sl no Particulars Quantity (no/ value)
A Area under betel vine cultivation (ha) 0.05
B Land ownership (betel vine) ownership (%) 100
C Irrigation availability (%) 100
D Sources of irrigation a Own (%) 86 b Other (%) 14
E Soil type Clay (%) 100
F Soil characteristic Saline (%) 100
G Land type under betel vine* High land (%) 100
H Variety cultivated a Meetha (%) 95.83 b Bangla (%) 4.17 Note: Highland means no waterlogging throughout the year
Initial cost of ‘baroj’ construction
Construction of baroj with thatches was essential for betel vine cultivation and required substantial amount of initial investment (Table 3).Soil
Campanella: Roy Campanella was the Brooklyn Dodgers all-star catcher from 1948 until 1957. Campanella’s baseball career ended early due to a car accident in 1958. His car skidded on a wet spot on the road, crashed into a telephone pole, and his car was overturned, fracturing two of his vertebrae. He survived, but was paralyzed from the shoulders down and never played baseball again, causing the Dodgers to lose their all-star catcher. Campanella had four other siblings and had four jobs by age nine in order to pay for family needs.
The data observed and recorded in this lab shows that the concentration of miracle gro’ does affect the growth rate and germination speed of black eyed peas. The data is shown through two graphs and two data tables. The control group in this experiment is the seeds with a 0% concentration of miracle gro’, therefore the seeds with just water. The experimental groups are different concentrations of miracle gro’ including a 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% concentration. The variable in this experiment is the amount/concentration of miracle gro’.
Smiley, an author of many books and magazine essays, writes her own criticism of Huckleberry Finn, “Say It Ain’t So, Huck”. Smiley has very strong arguments as she compares her own opinions and backs them up with Twain’s words from the book. Smiley argues that Twains real meaning behind the book is based off of racism. Twain never allows Jim to become a real human, as Jim will always be a slave whether he knows it or not. Although Huck and Jim end up creating a very strong relationship like brothers, Smiley believes that “Twain thinks that Hucks affection is a good enough reward for Jim” (Smiley 460).
Cannery Row is a novel more about the characters than the plot. In Cannery Row these characters have needs and desires that we uncover as we get to know them better. These characters desires are found when they are set alone in nature which is when they have time to be with themselves. John Steinbeck says that the nature of human desire may be shown as a need or want depending on the values and morals of the specific human. His commentary influences our understanding of the Californian Imagination by showing us the needs and wants of humans during a specific time.
Some Prefer Nettles takes place in Japan in the late 1920’s, after the Great Kanto earthquake of 1923. This is an important period because they were still economically recovering from the effects of the earthquake. Also, Japan was moving towards a more modern society, and they were starting to gain recognition as a world power. In 1920 Japan joined the League of Nations (McClain, 335). Japan was no longer looked at as a country that imperialistic nations could take advantage of.
Name Professor Institution Course Date Argumentative essay The novel, `` flowers for Algernon’’ is an exciting fictional story. The main character in the novel is Charlie who is mentally retarded person who has been involved in a remarkable operation which has led to increase of his I.Q. The story in the novel is too interesting the material in it is so original.
Are we able to control our destiny or the outside forces? There are very good arguments about that but at the end of the day, I feel like we don’t control what happens to use in the future. Especially after I read the book, “A Lesson Before Dying”. Jefferson, the main character, was executed for something he didn't even do. He had a future and it was all gone due to what he couldn't control.
Imagine moving away from home, changing schools, and having a family that won’t even give attention when needed. Paul goes through all of this, and he is left to make decisions that will change his life forever. Three choices Paul goes through are, changing schools, tattling on Tangerine Middle School soccer players, and informing the police about Arthur and Erik’s wrong doings. In the novel, Tangerine by Edward Bloor, Paul moves from Houston Texas to Tangerine Florida, and the first five months are filled with decisions and chaos. The choices made by Paul, and the consequences of those choices, affect the development of his character.
Choices and Consequences How do you think your choices affect others and what are the consequences of those choices? In this book, Tangerine by Edward Bloor, every decision has an effect and a consequence. Erik makes several bad decisions throughout the book. For starters, he and his brother don’t have a strong relationship. Also, the Fisher parents don’t have a solid relationship with their children.
Thus, as Paarlberg has argued, industrial agriculture has helped reduce starvation and poverty in Africa and South-East Asia. Paarlberg’s earlier claim about increasing wheat yield in India contradicts Coline Serra’s film, in which Vandana Shiva explains that across India farmers are committing suicide at a staggering rate due to them being indebted to the fertilizer and pesticide manufacturers and the increase of diseases in their crops due to the excessive use of these chemicals. “Down to Earth”
“Flowers for Algernon” Argumentative Essay Charlie Gordon should not have had the surgery because of the tragic outcomes. While Daniel Keyes in “Flowers for Algernon” portrayed hope of a mentally impaired man, the procedure failed with overwhelming results. First, Charlie realized that the society had turned against him when he gained the mental capability. Then, both Dr. Namur and Dr. Strauss sacrificed Charlie as a human experiment. Lastly, while Charlie still obtained knowledge, he understood the failure of the surgery.
Based on these results, it is hypothesized that if the amount of topsoil increases by 25% then plant growth increases because topsoil contains essential nutrients required for proper plant
The mood created by the mise en scene in Arsenic and Old Lace is haunting. The mood of this is created through the graveyard scene in the window and the low, shady lighting of the candles and lamp. This mood is made in contrast to the comedic aspects of the play, emphasizing the play being a dark comedy. The major themes throughout this play are right vs. wrong, death, and family relations. The theme of right vs. wrong is made through Abby and Martha in their belief that they are “saving” the men through putting them out of their miseries as lonely old men.
Though Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories like, The Cask of Amontillado, to his poems like, The Raven, Poe’s shows his writing style to use physical imagery and connotative syntax to show ,imagery in his writing. Throughout his life, Poe had always lived through the most chaotic and evil of time. His parents died while he was 3 years old. After his parents died, he lived with another family member who never accepted him as their own son. Later on in life, Poe had served in the military and at that point he started writing poems.
Introduction Plants are a major necessity in the balance of nature, people’s lives, and our terrain. We may not realize it, but plants are the ultimate source of food for almost 95% of the world population so says the National Group of Food. It’s a fact that over 7,000 species of plants are being consumed today. Plants are one of the reasons that we get clean water; as they help regulate the water cycle.