Biodiversity Conservation: Enigmatic Threats And Biodiversity Conservation

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Chapter- 5 Enigmatic Threats and Biodiversity Conservation The direct and indirect drivers of loss of biodiversity, particularly in developing economies, may consist of a high velocity of human population growth and a high population density, increasing consumption, economic activity and associated market failures and inadequate awareness of biodiversity values at the public and decision-making levels, in addition to a range of policy and institutional weaknesses (Parikh et. al., 2012). The direct mechanisms that might have resulted in loss of biodiversity are - habitat loss and disintegration, invasion by introduced species, the over-exploitation of plant resources, pollution and industrial development, agriculture and forestry. In nature …show more content…

The necessity would serve to maintain the region richness. the ecological parameters sources to protect and maintain the biodiversity richness however due to few anthropogenic influence includes habitat fragmentation, mining, natural influence such as alien species dominance, impact of development projects e.g. wind mill and wind farms, over exploration and most vital of all is climate change, over grazing and brazing by cattles may also add to the risks or threats for the loss of biodiversity richness. The purpose of conservation of this area is because of the reason that the area is known to have important and rare indigenous species viz. Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari, Cassia absus L., Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir., Sphaeranthus indicus L., Heliotropium ovalifolium Forsk., Gloriosa superba L. and many more (Table no.- XXX). Conservation of flora may also influence on the conservation of fauna. Apart from the floristic diversity data few of the considerations and an account of the fauna have also …show more content…

The Red list of threatened species, prepared by the IUCN, has listed 132 species of plants and animals as Critically Endangered, the most threatened category, from India. Plants seemed to be the most threatened life form with 60 species being listed as Critically Endangered and 141 as Endangered. Of the total 63,837 species globally assessed, the IUCN classified 3,947 as Critically Endangered, 81 as Extinct, 63 as Extinct in the Wild. In the lower risk categories, there were 5766 species in Endangered, 10,104 in Vulnerable and 4,467 in Near Threatened categories. Scientific data regarding 10,497 species was not available and hence classified as Data Deficient, the report said. Endemic and Threatened Plants: Jain and Rao (1983) worked on threatened plants of India and have published a book on the same. Subsequently the botanical survey of India has published Red Data Books (Nayar and Sastry, 1987, 1988, 1990) that contained information on 814 threatened plants from all over India. Vajravelu and Daniel (1983) had given information of 518 threatened plants in Peninsular India. IUCN has revised the Red list categories recently (IUCN, 2001). According to the estimate of Ahmedullah and Nayar (1986) about 2100 endemic flowering plants are found in peninsular India which represented about 32% of its flora. Present status of flora as per conservation categories:

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