Review of Related Literature and Studies As the population grows, the overall consumption of energy resources increases. As a result, number of non-renewable resources decreases which lead to increase of prices and demand for fossil fuels. Bioethanol can be an alternative to fossil fuels. Local Bioethanol Fuel Blend Percentage There are 12 countries; Brazil, France, the United States, Indonesia, Philippines, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Argentina, Republic of South Africa, Kenya, Thailand and Sudan stated by the Department of Energy of the Philippines, which are making use of produced Bioethanol for fuel. Because of its properties that is comparable to the refined gasoline. Energy per unit volume: 22MJ/liter Octane Index (research): 106 Specific Gravity at 15.5 deg C: 0.79 Kg/liter Former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of the Philippines was the one who …show more content…
Because the Bioethanol itself has cleansing effect that filters and removes unwanted contaminants in the fuel system of a specified machine. So far, there are up to 20% blend for newer models of vehicles which is powered by E20. And up to 86% blend of Bioethanol into the gasoline for the vehicles which are especially designed/converted to run for it, those vehicles are called Flexible Fuel Vehicles. According to Crop. Energies, they stated that for some technical reasons, with the use of 100% bioethanol is not advisable. In addition, according to John Velson a Lapsed Chemical Industry Consultant that E100 or 100% bioethanol is only advisable in Brazil due for some reasons such as in this country almost all of brand new cars are flex-fuelled and the other reason is that the entire country has ethanol pumps installed nationwide. These factors that are lack and deficit from other countries.
The Octane rating refers to the amount of compression that the fuel can undergo before a combustion reaction occurs. Furthermore, the reason behind the use of isooctane instead of normal octane, is that the activation energy required for combustion is higher with isooctane due the more stable shape, translating to
9). Furthermore, Canada consumed 330 million tonnes of fuel in 2016, with a global energy demand of 2.5% (BP, 2017, p. 9). Subsequently, in 2016, 30% was from oil, 27% from natural gas, 27% from hydroelectric, 7% from nuclear, 6% from coal, and 3% from renewables (BP, 2017, p. 9). However, Alberta does not follow the global trend for energy consumption from similar fuels. To illustrate, in 2016, 44% came from natural gas, 39% from coal, 9% from wind power, 6% from hydroelectric, 3% from biomass fuel, and 1% from oil and diesel (Energy Alberta, 2017).
Most gasoline has 10-15% alcohol produced from corn. As a result, some say, the price of food has risen, causing hardship, increased food prices, and other problems. What are the real facts? Gasoline has ethanol inside, ethanol comes from corn. Corn is the main source of ethanol, many people spend 50% or more of their income on food.
Thinking about what ethanol fuel actually is, many may not know. Right now everyone pretty well uses either gasoline or diesel to run their cars. However if we were to switch over to ethanol fuel, using gasoline and diesel would be long gone. As (Nrcan.gc.ca, 2013) states ethanol fuel is a liquid alcohol which has hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon being added to it. However the actual ethanol is not made until a crop such as wheat or corn undergoes the process of fermentation.
The world is in need of fossil fuels. Without them, we would not have cars, airplanes, and not to mention enough energy. A lot of energy is produced from them. They are a very big support. Unfortunately, they are running out.
Since fracking fluid is made up of a high percentage of water, contains many harmful chemicals, and this creates
The most common helpful usage is in the automotive industry the octane levels are too high to be consumed, but enough to reduce heat and produce combustion inside an engine in a
Today, even though it is legal for medical and recreational use in 28 states as of
It is said that this fuel is dirty as well as the process that it will take to get this oil. This process would be harmful to people, wildlife as well as the environment. It has been stated that this process will inevitably leak,
Types of services the company will provide: Floral warehouse- import and sell flowers in bulk. This will be warehouse operating under Evergreen Petals to supply bulk purchases of flowers. It will also be a storage warehouse for ChloroFloral.
Distillation, the procedure by which oil is warmed and isolated in various segments, is the main stage in refining. Albeit non-renewable energy sources like coal have been reaped in somehow for quite a long time, raw petroleum was first found and created amid the Industrial Revolution, and its modern uses were first created in the nineteenth century. Recently designed machines upset the way we do work, and they relied upon these assets to run. Today, the world's economy is to a great extent reliant on petroleum products , for example, unrefined petroleum, and the interest for these assets frequently start political agitation, since few nations control the biggest repositories. Like any industry, free market activity vigorously influences the costs and benefit of unrefined petroleum.
The reduction of carbon emissions to the atmosphere, the cost of maintenance and refuelling and the safety of electric vehicles are surely convincing rationale for us to make changes. So, we all know that majority of people commonly utilise fuel, oil or LPG as a
Bio-diesel production yields undesirable by-products for example methanol and glycerin. These by-products are removed so that the bio-diesel is suitable for use. Fractional distillation is used in the essential oil, flavor and fragrance industry. Raw essential oils are extracted from different plants such as mint, clove and tee tree for example. These raw oils contains impurities that have a bad flavour or odor.
Review of Literature Environmental issues began to be discussed and debated only towards the end of the 20th century. Since then significant amount of literature has been penned down raising awareness about issues of pollution, deforestation, animal rights and several others however it has failed to result in major changes, ideas or even actions to save the environment. Several species of animals have become extinct; pollution level is at an all-time high, global warming is leading to severe climate changes all across the globe but these problems do not seem to alarm the decision makers. Leydier & Martin (2013) also states that, “despite the increasing expression of concern in political and media debates about issues such as climate change, pollution and threats to biodiversity, “political ecology” (operating at the confluence of scientific developments, political engagement and ethical debates) is still trying to find its bearings” (p.7). It is quite evident that environmental issues are not treated in equivalence to political, economic, social or even religious issues.
For instance, in Vietnam fossil fuels is the main fuels to address basic demand and for export, but in 2030 Vietnam