Biomaterials In Bone
Bone is a remarkable organ playing key roles in critical functions in human physiology including protection, movement and support of other critical organs, blood production, mineral storage, homeostasis, blood pH regulation, housing of multiple progenitor cells like mesenchymal, hematopoietic and others (Porter et al., 2009). Though the bone houses a number of growth factors and acts as the only support and frame work of the organism, sometimes it still fails due to the exposure to injury caused by stress that ultimately leads to the breakage of bones. Human body is capable of repairing minor bone defects but when it comes to a critical sized bone defect, the repair is tedious. The classical and most widely used treatments for these defects …show more content…
Different biomaterials have different kinds of applications. Natural or synthetic polymers along with ceramic materials have been widely used (Swetha et al., 2010). In bone tissue engineering, an ideal biomaterial should be both osteoconductive and osteoinductive for effective tissue regeneration. Many biomaterials with osteoconductive or osteoinductive property or both have been identified and widely studied for their application in bone tissue engineering. But how these biomaterials influence the activities of the cells is still an area that has to be explored. Understanding the mechanism of action of biomaterials on cells would greatly help us in effective use of …show more content…
Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering possess a property to heal bone defects in vivo. They are chosen by studying a number of properties including bioactivity (osteo-conductive, osteo-inductive, osseo-integration), cell and tissue compatibility, and load bearing capacity. Any biomaterial considered should possess a structure to promote cell adhesion for the osteoblast, osteoprogenitor or stem cells. There are three major criteria to be noted when a biomaterial is taken for study other than those mentioned previously: (i) Composition - polymer, metals, ceramics etc; (ii) Stability -resorbable, non-resorbable; (iii) Purpose - load bearing, filling material (Schlögl and Winfried,
Pet Fed Bone Research Paper
195 Words | 1 PagesBones are living tissue composed of living cells because of this they are a complex source of a wide variety of nutrients. They contain minerals which are embedded in protein, fat and fat soluble vitamins. They are a great source of calcium, copper, iodine, iron, magnesium, zinc, and manganese. The central part of most bones contain marrow which is a highly nutritious source of blood forming elements. They also provide natural antioxidants including enzymes.
What Is Endochondral Ossification And Long Bone Growth In Humans
1083 Words | 5 PagesThe calcified matrix and moribund chondrocytes break down and lacunae become confluent. An enlarging cavity is produced in the cartilage model. Blood vessels penetrate the bony collar through channels on the spongy bone. The enlarging cavity in the middle of the cartilage model becomes vascularised and myeloid cells become established, forming the marrow cavity.
Compound Fracture Case Study
522 Words | 3 PagesAppositional bone growth occurs in this area because the bone is being remodeled with an increase in diameter as new bone is being laid down. Osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts are the cells that would be found in this area to help with bone remodeling. 3. Describe the microscopic features of the osseous tissue that help long bones withstand compressive
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Research Paper
409 Words | 2 PagesWhen a bone is damaged in people with Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), the bones tend to heal at a normal rate, but they may be deformed during the healing process. It is also possible in severe cases, that during the birthing process that the bones may break and cause death. The majority of fractures start during infancy and early childhood and less often when the child goes thru puberty. There are many symptoms present
Essay On Calcium Fallacy
895 Words | 4 PagesCalcium is one of the most popular dietary supplements on the market, largely due to the fallacy that mega doses are important for building and maintaining healthy bones. People are told that calcium builds strong bones and prevents osteoporosis, but this is not the whole truth. What they have not been told is that they can’t be sure this will result in greater bone strength. Bone density measures bone compressive strength, but it does not reveal tensile strength
Essay On Osteopenia
7589 Words | 31 PagesIn the United States, more than 250,000 hip fractures annually are attributable to osteoporosis. A 50-year-old white woman is estimated to have a 17.5% lifetime risk of fracture of the proximal femur. The incidence of hip fractures increases each decade from the sixth through the ninth for both women and men for all populations. The highest incidence is found among men and women ages 80 or older b. Vertebral fracture
Essay On Achondroplasia
1175 Words | 5 PagesThe FGFR3 protein spans across the cell membrane resulting in one end inside the cell and the other outside the cell allowing the protein to interact with growth factors outside the cell and receive signals for growth and development. The FGFR3 protein in the bone cells help control bone growth through a process previously mentioned called ossification, where cartilage is transformed into bone using calcium. When growth factors bind to the FGFR3, the protein is activated and FGFR3 is able to regulate ossification. When the Gly380Arg mutation occurs, it results in the FGFR3 protein being absent or damaged therefore preventing it from interacting with external growth factors causing the loss of control of ossification. This causes problems during bone development where cartilage fails to turn into bone.
Osteoporosis Lab
1803 Words | 8 PagesBone microstructure is one of the important factors affecting the quality of bone, which along with bone mass represent bone strength9. In OVX rats, the trabecular bone was obviously thinner and shorter. The parts of the trabecular bone were destroyed or even disappeared. The number of trabecular decreased noticeably and there was a visible osteoclast (OC) reaction. While, treated with HE reduced trabecular bone lesions, especially in the secondary spongy areas and reduced the number of bone resorption pouches and OC.
Informative Essay On Zirconia
463 Words | 2 PagesWhile the only option for a dental implant post was once titanium metal, some specialists now offer implant posts made of zirconia. If you are considering this newer type of dental implant, you may have many questions about zirconia and what it is. Here are three facts about zirconia, including its history in other dental and medical applications. Zirconia Has Been Used in Dentistry and Medicine for Years While zirconia dental implant posts are relatively new, zirconium dioxide itself has been used in dentistry for making crowns, fillings, dental bridges and other restorations for many years.
Illnesses In The Aztec's Empire
1471 Words | 6 PagesThey were aware of the importance of immobilizing the fracture so they used splints. In complicated fractures when the bone fail to bond together again they uncovered the bone and used resinous stick then inserted it in the bone to combine the fracture together again, then they used medical herbs to rub the patient’s body. Aztecs’ bone surgery was greatly developed and it affected many
Essay On Bone Structure
1372 Words | 6 PagesIt is physiologically essential, as it maintains normal skeleton mass and repairs possible microdamages to the skeleton. The whole procedure occurs in discrete foci, called basic multicellular units (BMUs) (see Fig.6). It starts with a resorption phase which can last up to 4 weeks, where osteoclast (OC) precursors are recruited to the active site from precursors in bone marrow, and excavate a resorption cavity, limited by a border called cement line. Following this excavation, OCs die by apoptosis. After a brief reversal phase, osteoblast (OB) precursors come to the active site and fill the resorption cavity.
Bone Graft Case Study
954 Words | 4 PagesBone grafts Even normal overlying soft tissues cannot hide a deficient or defective skeleton and thus it is imperative to restore the craniofacial skeleton in major facial clefts. In cases with minor bony deficits that do not displace key facial landmarks, bone grafts suffice. When bone grafts are used to bridge a critical-size bone defect, they are expected to become incorporated into the bed. Incorporation of the bone graft in the recipient site involves two essential steps: first is the bony union between the edges of the graft to the edges of native bone segments, and second is graft remodeling, or gradual resorption of the graft material itself, concomitant with its replacement by new bone.89 Bone grafting can be performed at any age and
Floundering Fish Research Paper
1563 Words | 7 PagesOn Earth, bones provide four major functions: support, nutritional storage, blood production, and protection (Canright 2009). In space, bones do not have the same significant weight to support. Also as explained earlier, blood production is reduced as not as much blood is needed. Therefore the bones do not keep strengthening, so the extra calcium is deposited into the bloodstream. Often astronauts have high blood-calcium levels and extended stays have shown bone losses up to 20% (Canright 2009).
Gelatin: An Argumentative Analysis
108 Words | 1 PagesThe low antigenicity, biodegradable nature, and cell-binding properties of collagen make it valuable for tissue engineering applications. In parallel, Gelatin is biocompatible, non-immunogenic and bioresorbable. Although, gelatin lacks the structural characteristics of collagen but it has higher solubility and lower cost relative to collagen. Gelatin/CaPs nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties and better cell attachment have also been reported. The gelatin/HAP nanostructured scaffolds exhibited mechanical strength comparable to the spongy bone with an excellent capacity of cell attachment, migration and penetration into the pores of the nanocomposite.
Essay On Tissue Engineering
1444 Words | 6 PagesAbout, bone tissue engineering Biological properties and mechanical properties is very important. On the other hand, for mimicking natural bone, as possible, composition and structure are similar.
More about Biomaterials In Bone
Pet Fed Bone Research Paper
195 Words | 1 PagesWhat Is Endochondral Ossification And Long Bone Growth In Humans
1083 Words | 5 PagesCompound Fracture Case Study
522 Words | 3 PagesOsteogenesis Imperfecta Research Paper
409 Words | 2 PagesEssay On Calcium Fallacy
895 Words | 4 PagesEssay On Osteopenia
7589 Words | 31 PagesEssay On Achondroplasia
1175 Words | 5 PagesOsteoporosis Lab
1803 Words | 8 PagesInformative Essay On Zirconia
463 Words | 2 PagesIllnesses In The Aztec's Empire
1471 Words | 6 PagesEssay On Bone Structure
1372 Words | 6 PagesBone Graft Case Study
954 Words | 4 PagesFloundering Fish Research Paper
1563 Words | 7 PagesGelatin: An Argumentative Analysis
108 Words | 1 PagesEssay On Tissue Engineering
1444 Words | 6 Pages