There is a sense of a large community where people are bound together by the same ideals. (Solomos, 2005). Race’s historical location is worldwide and not specific to a region. After emancipation in 1863, Du Bois noticed oppression at the bottom of society where even the most neglected whites took preference over blacks simply because of ethnicity. (Solomos, 2005) There was racial prejudice in America which was the division between certain races because of conflicting ideas in spiritual, legal and linguistic traits and a lack of cohesiveness in society.
Americans like to believe that they live in a post racial, color-blind society. The truth is, racist thoughts are still extremely alive; it has just become more sophisticated and more subtle. Racist thinking in America has a long and deep-seated history, one in which nearly every great American writer is guilty of. Throughout history, in America, there has always been the idea of racism. When people think of racism, they usually think of slavery, which no longer is a problem in the United States, so people assume racism is also no longer a problem.
We have seen the United States of America progress in so many ways throughout our lifetime. In 1964, legislators passed the Civil Rights Act which aimed to end discrimination based on race and color. Many believe that race based oppression no longer exists because laws have been emplaced to prevent it. Clearly, the people stating that there is no longer racial segregation have not experienced it themselves and have not had racism impact their lifestyle, daily. Racism refers to the most presumed inferiority of racial minority groups and the under represented positions of wealth, power and prestige.
His numerous work shed light on the extent of economic exploitation, cultural isolation, and segregation that dominated the society. The Mis-Education of the Negro is one of the controversial books by Woodson, which attempts to convince the blacks in America that they have accepted white domination as the consequence of being brainwashed. Woodson’s arguments in the book The Mis-Education of the Negro are solid, convincing, and applicable in the contemporary world. Some of the issues mentioned in the book, which were facing the African-Americans, are still relevant today. When the book was being written (1933), African-Americans had no place in the history of the United States.
Critical Race Theory Race has always been a problem America and other countries. But developments such as Critical Race Theory also known as (CRT) has helped challenge race and racial power and its representation in American society. Articles such as Critical Race Theory: An Introduction by Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic; White Privilege, Color, and Crime: A Personal Account by Peggy McIntosh have helped critical race theory develop further. Along with the documentary White Like Me by filmmaker Tim Wise. These articles and film explore the race and racism in United States along with critical race theory.
Refugees fight xenophobia and racism is very difficult problem. The end of colonialism did not prevent the world from being divided into racially 'superior groups ' and 'inferior groups '. The domestic situation is also the same. The abolition of slavery and legal discrimination in the United States certainly did not end racial discrimination. However, there is no solution to race problems.
There is no question that colonialism has created the dominant discourse in almost every location around the world. In today’s society the direct cultural impact of colonialism may not be felt due to the hybridity of multicultures and adaptation. Yet this does not mean the social impact of imperialism is over, nor are the after effects and results of colonisation. The generation of African-American slaves whom were robbed of their identity and rights and forced into slavery felt the effects of colonisation first hand. After generations of abuse and being classified as a minority, African-American’s now look to create a new discourse, one that challenges the long-established white patriarchal order of Western discourse.
As a topic of conversation that has consumed American politics for decades, affirmative action has served as America’s letter of apology to minorities that have faced such harsh discrimination through the years. Affirmative action serves as a historical turning point in the United States, and has closely addressed the issues that race, class, and gender minorities have faced for centuries. However, there is immense controversy that comes with the idealistic concept of affirmative action. While many researchers find it to be beneficial, others view this concept as erroneous. According to Saint Leo University, affirmative action was introduced to the United States around 1965.
Author Darryl Lorenzo Wellington, wrote “The Power of Black Lives Matter,” published in 2015 in The Crisis, and he emphasizes the importance of Black Lives Matter and argues that is the only way to correct the issue of class. Wellington builds his credibility with reputable facts, statistics, citing sources, and successfully employing rhetorical appeals such as ethos, pathos, and logos. He adopts a didactic tone of voice in order to sound like a high scholar to create a sense of superiority, while addressing the issues of class and race to white Americans’ and other races in the United States. In his article, Wellington first introduces his argument by making an inference of a cultural shift by saying, “Something indeed is happening
Both Staples and Cofer are representatives of ethnic minorities; Staples is Afro American and Cofer is Latin American. They both are successful scholars and earned their Ph.D. after the years at the universities. Another thing, which also unites these two, is racial stereotypes. Taking into account the existing prejudices in American society in 1960-1970s, that was quite an exploit to get not only higher education but to become a Ph.D. and a valuable employee. Unfortunately, no matter how hard one from ethic minority tries to assert oneself in this world, he/she will be always misjudged from the perspective of racial stereotypes.