Bowlby Attachment Theory

Insecure attachment affects a child’s brain development which in turn impacts interactions with others, resilience, confidence and the ability to explore their environments. Insecure attachment contributes to “cognitive vulnerability to depression, specifically, dysfunctional attitudes.” (Lee & Hankin, 2009). Some characteristics of an insecurely attached child includes the inability to deal with stress, low self esteem, a lack of self control, and pseudo-independent behaviors. These children often behave as if they know that adults are inconsistently available.

Erikson was highly influenced by Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory of Development. Although, at first Freud was limited to childhood based on the phallic stage, Erikson focused on developing a lifespan theory. The eight stages are as followed: Trust vs. Mistrust (infancy): The basic and fundamental psychological task is for infants to develop a sense that their needs will be met by the outside world. Is their caregiver responsive, reliable, and willing to meet their needs? That basic trust is facilitated by a responsive caregiver once an infant gets hungry, injured, or needs to be changed.

These working models are created patterns of attachment, usually formed during childhood development, that affect relational attachments in adulthood. These models represent feelings about oneself and others, which contribute to their behavior in their relationships with others. A person’s internal models are usually subconscious, but can change with a cumulative experience, either positive or

Attachment theory is the joint work of John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. Additionally, Bowlby revolutionized society’s perception of the mother-child relationship and its’ disruption through separation, deprivation, and bereavement (Bowlby, 1969/1982). Bowlby (1969) suggested that the caretaker’s sensitivity in responding to an infant’s distress signals play a significant role in the development of attachment patterns. The literature review portion of the present thesis will highlight foundational components of attachment, developmental outcomes for attachment classifications, and furthermore will examine the effect of multiple caregivers on attachment development in infants and

I chose this theorist because I believe in what he thinks about attachment and one primary care giver. He believed the “Childhood development depended heavily upon a child 's ability to form a strong relationship with "at least one primary caregiver". Generally speaking, this is one of the parents.” ("Attachment Theory - Developmental Psychology - Psychologist World," n.d.) This is the specific reason why I am in Head Start.

Attachment Theory Overview of Attachment Theory Attachment theory tries to describe the evolution of personality and behaviour in relationships and it gives a reason for the difference in a person’s emotional and relationship attitudes. In the beginning, it looked at the mechanics of relationships between children and their parents but it has since been expanded to cover the entire life of the human being. Attachment theory includes insights learned from evolutionary theory, ethology, systems theory and developmental psychology.

Overview of Attachment Theory Attachment theory tries to describe the evolution of personality and behaviour in relationships and it gives a reason for the difference in a person’s emotional and relationship attitudes. In the beginning, it looked at the mechanics of relationships between children and their parents but it has since been expanded to cover the entire life of the human being (Howe, 2000). Attachment theory includes insights learned from evolutionary theory, ethology, systems theory and developmental psychology (Howe, 2001).

How parents impact child development has been a long interest in the field of psychology. It is evident in recent researches that there are convincing links between parenting styles and the effects these styles have on children’s self-esteem. The term, “parenting styles” refers to behaviours and strategies used by parents to control and socialise their children (Lightfoot, Cole & Cole, 2009). According to Baumrind (1971), there are three types of parenting styles, namely authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. It was later re-evaluated by Maccoby and Martin (1983) into four styles, which are authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful.

It also touches on how the mother becomes a safe base for the infant to discover and expand their knowledge. We use the latter reading to gain knowledge on the definition of children’s well-being and the children’s right to

But, parents believe that having a disabled child is also having disadvantages as to them. Seth, as a psychologist and parent of a special needs child of his own, detected several adverse effects such as parents of a disabled child would resent their child in such situations. Another, moods of the parents will suffer because the environment is so demanding than before. Some parents are stressed enough to get angry at their disabled child, but because they love their child, instead of getting mad at them, they will put their anger on other people. The romantic relationship of the parent will be affected too as well as their interpersonal relationships.