Organizational Structure- The BPP model could be summed up with the following formula: “(THEORY + INTERSECTIONALITY) + (PRAXIS + EDUCATION) = CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS = REVOLUTIONARY CHANGE” (Jenkins 6). Newton and Seale used a Marxist ideology as the blueprint for the BPP Program. They outlined the organizations platform, views, political goals and objectives by drafting a Ten-Point Program, which they printed on flyers and handed out on the streets of Oakland, California. The BPP, Ten Point Plan demanded the State and Local government intervene and end police brutality and murder of black men and women, create employment for African Americans; provide Blacks with land, and housing (Foner 78). (Demands reminiscent of the welfare, poverty assistance …show more content…
Formal positions were held by different people throughout the active years of the BPP. the most known and influential BPP leaders were BPP co-founders (minister of defense) Huey Newton, (Chairmen) Bobby Seale, (Minister of information) Eldrige Clever, (Chief of staff) David Hilliard, (minister of foreign affairs) James Forman, (prime minister) Stokely Carmichael, (minister of justice) H. Rap Brown. (Communications secretary) Kathleen Cleaver (seale). Other prominent black activists associated with, the BPP were Angela Davis and George Jackson. State chapter leader Fred Hampton (murdered by Chicago police in 1969) also rose to national prominence (Lewis 1). The role of women in the BPP was complex. Leadership positions were dominated by men, especially in its formative years. However, over time several women, including Kathleen Cleaver, Ericka Huggins, Joan Bird, and Elaine Brown rose to important leadership positions or became visible spokespersons for the party. Leadership within the BPP utilized a non-horizontal structure that identified BPP leaders, leaving BPP leaders vulnerable to violent Federal, State and Local tactics of
In the first chapter of Paul Alkebulan's book “Survival Pending Revolution” he claims that Malcolm X was the “ideological patron saint” of the Black Panther Party. It is through a depiction of how Malcolm X's four primary beliefs were adopted by the BPP that Alkebulan explains how this title was earned. I argue that the most significant aspect of Malcolm X's influence on the BPP is not mentioned by Alkebulum in a sufficient way. Malcolm X passed on teachings that were rooted in a flexible ideological approach to rights activism that would instill a message for groups such as the BBP to evolve and adapt through time. BPP central committee member Landon Williams claimed that the party felt as thought they were the “heirs of Malcolm.”
Fred was dating a woman name Deborah Johnson (Akia Njere) and she was 81/2 months pregnant when he was murdered. In early October, they rented a four and half room apartment located at 2337 W.Monroe St to be closer to the BPP headquarters. This here apartment is where Fred and another BPP leader (Mark Clark) were murdered. Before Hampton was murdered, he was quickly moving up in the Black Panther Party. His actions and skills were thought of as remarkable.
This organization states that by gaining freedom and justice for Black people by extension it is for all people which is illuminated in their “Restorative Justice” guiding principle. However, BPP does not utilize this same vernacular in its
Black Panther Party For Defense Bobby Seale and Huey Newton created the “Black Panther Party For Defense” in Oakland, California in October 1966. They were a progressive political organization formed to fight for minorities and to establish socialism and community based programs for African-Americans and all racial or gender minorities. The Black Panther Party was the first organization in America to fight for ethnic minorities and working class emancipation and was a huge reason why America is as equal as we are today (Baggins).
Some in the government felt threatened by the BPP. FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover was especially concerned about groups like the Panthers because of their aggressiveness and potential for violence. He introduced the then-secret COINTELPRO to “expose, disrupt, misdirect, discredit, or otherwise neutralize the activities of black nationalist, hate-type organizations and groupings, their leadership, spokesmen, membership, and supporters, and to counter their propensity for violence or civil disorder.” COINTELPRO activities included wiretaps, raids, anonymous letters, media infiltration, even murder. The main target was the BPP.
At the dawn the Progressive Movement, many objectives were set. One objective was to get rid of Big Business. For too long business had been involves in the government, and the progressives
Police raided the home of Fred Hampton, killing him and another member, Mark Clark, a party leader from Peoria, on December 5, 1969. Four days after Hampton and Clark’s death, as a sort of final act, Los Angeles police opened fire on an office serving as a meeting place for the BPP (Workneh and
In contrary to peaceful protest and marches led by Martin Luther King there were other leaders who had more radical approaches to protest. Amongst these radical leaders are Malcolm X, Robert Williams, and the Black Panthers. The Black Panthers, a group created by in 1966, by Huey P Newton and Bobby Seale protected black communities patrolling areas with loaded firearms, monitoring police activities involving blacks. Since they were known for carrying loaded firearms FBI Director J Edgar Hoover considered the Black Panthers “the greatest threat to the internal security of the United States” (To Determine the Destiny of Our Black Community). The Black Panthers created the Ten-Point Program.
But being the head of the black community came with FBI attention. Fred Hampton got onto the FBI’s radar. According to The Assassination of Fred Hampton, by Alicia Maynard, “The government feared Hampton's effectiveness toward the success of the Black Panthers’ political aims. Hampton had a magnetic personality and the unique ability to unite people from many different walks of life. There was fear that he would be an “African-American messiah who they [the government] believed would lead an African-American
Fred Hampton was an advocate and spokesperson for numerous organizations pertaining to civil rights for African-Americans. He was assassinated during his sleep as a result of a raid on his apartment which was conducted by three different law enforcement agencies Hampton attended Triton College and was a Pre-law major after his graduation in 1966 from Proviso East High School. He took an interest in Pre-law in an effort to familiarize himself with the judicial system, to use as a defensive method against police. He joined the Black Panther Party (BPP) which were highly involved in civil right and Black Power movements around the 60’s and 70’s. Him and a few colleagues of the Black Panthers would be on the lookout for police brutality, even
He feared that the BPP would be viewed positively, as he realized the group made a positive impact on society when he wanted public opinion of the BPP to be negative. The Black Panther Party’s ideas had been “…taken up by state and institutionalized.” The government, embarrassed and in fear of the BPP, tore the group apart, and then proceeded to take programs the group had created for their
George Wallace was the 45th governor of Alabama. He too believed that blacks should be treated equally. When the officers were arresting people, they arrested Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. He was one of the people who led the marchers from Selma to Montgomery.
These 10 demands were known as their famous ten point program. The Ten point program was established in 1966 by Huey P.Newton and Bobby Seale, the leaders of the Black Panther Party. The first thing they wanted was freedom, they wanted more power on the future of the Black community. This followed by employment for the people which is what they wanted so that there can be a rise in the businessmen of color. The party wished for end of robbery by the capitalist.
The Panthers would take anyone that would help them. Newton and Seale wanted to not just protest Black rights, but also wanted to get involved and help black families in poverty. They started a free breakfast program, and had a school for inattentive kids. “In addition to challenging police brutality, the Black Panther Party launched more than 35 Survival Programs and provided community help, such as education, tuberculosis testing,
The Panthers were fighting for equal housing, jobs, employment, education, and an end of police brutality across the nation on blacks and their support of civil rights movement and equality for all blacks. Newton and Seale devised a 10 point plan to empower blacks focusing on their rights as citizens with some of their views being unrealistic ie: having blacks released from prison and protesting the Vietnam War and the killing of