In the book written by Laura de Mello e Souza entitled “The Devil and the Land of the Holy Cross” she explores the complexity of the religious foundation of colonial Brazil, a foundation that can be seen today in modern day Brazil. Mello e Souza delves deep into the popular religion of colonial Brazil, she uses many sources throughout the entirety of the text. This allows her to reference documents that provide evidence of the influences that helped shape Brazilian theology. The core of the text is to show Mello e Souza’s opinion that colonial Brazil was a fusion of Native, European, and African practices which created a form of hybrid religion of the three culture’s as they came and interacted with each other. Mello e Souza’s approach to …show more content…
Rather she attempts to define that connection between total contrasting cultures of Three continents Africa, America, and Europe. By allowing the mixing of these culture’s it seems to have a strange effect which has never been seen before, the coming to light of sorcery among colonial Brazilian culture. Which seems unique in the sense that usually when a conquest occurs the people who are being invaded are subject to forms of conversion especially on the religious concepts. She gives that idea of a historical relation between those three cultures which allowed sourcery to flourish and transform rather than be subject to extinction. An important note is to not confuse daily life witchcraft as growing and being persecuted. The Portuguese were catholic and their faith was incredibly strong and similar to other catholic colonies they were subjected to inquisitors. Because the inquisitor had the ability to document cases and other matters dealing with situation that involved items that challenged catholicism, Mello e Souza would use this as evidence to help prove her …show more content…
It was a mystery but known, it’s like a story that been told but yet there is no detail or information about this form of magic. The Catholicism that arrived to Brazil from the Iberian peninsula was already filled with popular beliefs, stories about spiritual beings, and the awe inspiring magical practices. Mello e Souza makes a connection to the middle ages of early Europe, at that time things like demons and magic were part of everyday life. Stories and folklore was widespread throughout the middle ages. In Brazil those forms of culture and religions survived within the colonial Catholic plantations and engenhos. They were traditions that were dissident and decentralized, representing that convergence and syncretism of the indigenous, African, and European influences. This connection is presented as the actual method of how they mixed working and living among people of different cultures and
The following letter written by Pero Vaz de Caminha to D. Manuel, the king of Portugal at the time, illustrated a detailed account of the discovery of Brazil. This document is of great significance, as it demonstrates some of the intentions of the Portuguese, to what they thought about this new land and what would come from the land in later years. Specifically, it demonstrates the meeting between the two worlds and emits the theme of otherness; the fact of being different, where superiority and inferiority are constructed. In Caminha’s letter, his description after the first encounter with the natives on the beach changed his perspective from the description of the land to its people. The first description of these natives is as follows: “They were brown, all naked, with nothing to cover their shame.
Throughout history, diverse cultures have unveiled fascinating, distinct, and at times astonishing facets of life. By carefully examining the Inquisition trial of Jucan Luis, we can gain profound insights into the surprising, strange, and odd practices prevalent during that period and contrast them with our present-day perspectives. On the night of August 28th, Jucan Luis was found engaging in scandalous acts such as conjuring spells and summoning demons. By unraveling the enigmatic nature of Luis and the sequence of events leading to his arrest, we aim to explore the underlying reasons behind these occurrences. Don Pedro Flores de Acebedo, the magistrate of Xochimilco, reports discovering pictures of devils painted on Luis's left arm.
Between the period 1500-1800, Christianity made its way to the Americas, changing many societies in Latin America. The overall cause for the expansion of the Christian faith was the Western Schism, the split in the Roman Catholic Church, which resulted in lots of tension for the Christian faith and pressure on the Church to spread the word. A little later, the New World had been discovered and Europeans were beginning to come to the New World. Here, the Europeans brought disease, chattel slavery, and their faith, referred to as the Columbian Exchange. Those Europeans began to make efforts to westernize the New World as well as the indigenous people, which resulted in the Christian faith to be encouraged to the point that indigenous people were
The Virgin Mary is a primordial icon in the Roman Catholic Church, she has been giving various different titles but a couple of the most important ones are “Queen of Mexico and Empress of the Americas” and “Virgin Patroness of Latin America” (Fastiggi 509). Although she been given these unbelievable prestigious titles and the fact that she has affected various countries in Latin America. It is undoubtedly well known that the Virgin Mary has had the most influence in Mexico were she is called Our Lady of Guadalupe/Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe/La Virgen de Guadalupe. In this essay which will be discussing Our Lady of Guadalupe and how she impacted colonial Mexico. This will go in depth into the transversal historical context and the longitudinal historical context, which will be separated into sections.
Racial disparity in Brazil is best explained in Abdias Nascimento article, Quilombismo: An Afro-Brazilian Political Alternative. “I believe that the Black and mulatto the Brazilian of colour must have a racial counter-ideology and a counter position in socioeconomic terms. The Brazilian of colour must strive simultaneously for a double change: socioeconomic change in the country, and change in race and colour relations.” In 1968, through these words, Afro-Brazilian scholar, artist, and politician Abdias Nascimento called attention to the potentially divergent but essentially related nature of the two main objectives of Afro-Brazilian activism: first, to effect concrete change in the distribution of social and economic power in Brazil, and second,
Throughout Europe, more than hundreds of thousands of people were prosecuted due charges of witchcraft. Witchcraft conspiracies were escalated from large cities to small towns and rural areas. Witchcraft was seen as an existential cycle in the human race since simple sorcery was set out through the offering of the helpful spirits and throughout the use of charms, it was mostly used through traditional virtues in societies. Most people believed that there were hostile spirits, and through each person there was a purpose of their own, which would protect them from demons and harmful enemies that could only be fought throw magic. Even though, Western beliefs about witchcraft increased dramatically in the mythologies and folklore of ancient people, witches in ancient Egypt repeatedly use their
Many people cannot fully recognize what the world has to offer, until they take a look through someone else’s perspective. As a matter of fact, this common phrase has become an increasingly common issue in today’s society. Most individuals simply stick to the “comfort zone” of the communities they belong in, without ever feeling the need to branch-out to explore the countless other cultures that make up the world. Often times, this behavior tends to lead to stereotyping and the misrepresentation of cultures unfamiliar to us. The Brazilian culture is no exception to this everyday social norm.
In this part of the novel magical realism is present with certain situation that happen thought out this chapter. We can relate these movements to Mexico’s mythological believe. Jacqueline Fotes de Leff and Emma Espejel Aco wrote an article “Cultural Myths and Social Relationships in Mexico: A Context for Therapy” in this article the authors explain how myths influence family ideology, the authors states, “Myths develop from universal idea related to life, death and links in general, like union and separation. They can also be constructed based on historic elements that can be ambiguous or painful (Levy-strauss, 1968, 1969) or around missing elements in the history of individuals (Andolfi 1989).
As I said, what they possibly though were witchcraft back then could be something treatable by now. Unlike in 1690’s, they didn’t have proof to back their hypothesis that it was bewitching. But now that the reason behind the said incidents were already established and proved wrong by people who studied what might have happened back then. People might still believe witchcraft does exist in present time solely because they have no idea that it might just be an illness that they had no idea about. That the reaction of people around toward something can affect greatly on how things can be
(pg. 8, Delgado, Kevin) All popular religions have a main location where people often pilgrimage to, where they can pay their respect to highly respected elders, and visit sacred natural locations. We see an example of this when we talked about the sacred Ceiba tree in Cuba, as followers of Santeria often pay homage to it. With this idea of Santeria being more “pure” in Cuba than in other countries, Santeria is gaining an “authenticity” that validates it as a religious practice and is losing its association as a demonized, evil practice among those who know nothing of its
The evolution of Candomblé's music from being exclusively sacred to also having a significant secular presence reflects the religion's adaptability to changing social and cultural contexts, while also highlighting the ongoing negotiation of identity and representation within Afro-Brazilian communities. This essay will chronologically examine Candomblé’s shift from sacred to secular music while highlighting contributing factors. Candomblé is an Afro-Brazilian religion that originated in the early 19th century in the region of Bahia, Brazil. It is a syncretic religion that includes elements of African traditional religions, particularly those of the Yoruba, Fon, and Bantu peoples, and later, elements of Catholicism. The religion's practitioners,
Uncle Marcos is a character of numerous traits and descriptions. He is a man of no fear or hesitation. At times, a lack of respect is shown by Uncle Marcos in addition to his horrid manners. Uncle Marcos can be described as adventurous as he attends dangerous expeditions, periodically life threatening. Uncle Marcos is universally a care free man with the occasional lack of manners and concern for others.
To think about the beginning of Catholicism in Brazil, we have to go back to the 1500s, when the nation was first colonized. Brazil was founded by the Portuguese in 1500. The Portuguese established the Catholic Church in Brazil, as it was the same type of Church in Portugal. This type of Church was actually dominant in most Europe since the Fourth century until the Reformation during the 16th century. For the first 400 years of the establishment of the Roman Catholic Church, it was supported by the Government.
Following the oral presentation given, I feel that the investigation into religion widened my understand of the role of religion in both the culture Colombia and Gabriel García Márquez’s iconic novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold. Above all other religions Catholicism dominated in Colombia with 90% of the population identifying as a catholic with 85% regularly attending Mass. For many characters in the novel as with of the era Colombians, faith was at the center of daily life and the center of the community. Such institutions as schools, hospitals and community centers were run by the Catholic Church or under Catholic principals. Ultimately however, it was the practice of confession or the forgiving of remorseful individuals which had the
In Portuguese culture, we can easily find the roots of Romanesque traditions with the traces of Spanish, Arabian and Roman influence. The era of great maritime discoveries brought into the culture many attributes of eastern cultural trends. The formation of the culture of the country also was affected by internal factors. For instance, the northern and southern parts of Portugal have their specific tangibles and moral characteristics.