Breast Cancer
What is Breast Cancer?
Breast Cancer is disease where malignant cells form in the tissues of the breast. The damaged cells can invade surrounding tissue.
The breast consists of Lobules, ducts, fatty and conective tissue, blood vessels and lymph vessels.
The milk producing ducts are the most susceptible to cancerous cells. Although breast cancer can also begin in fatty tissues, known as stromal tissues. It can also happen in surrounding lymph nodes.
An average lifetime risk of 8-10 percent, breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. 15 percent of healthy women have at least one first degree family member with breast cancer and data shows that the chances double in these women.
More than 50 percent of the genetic predisposition
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Metastatic Cancer happens when cells of a malignant tumor spreads to other parts of the body.
When dealing with breast cancer tumors are often graded on a scale of one to three indicating how aggressive the cancerous cells are.
Low grade tumors look similar to normal tissue under the microscope. High level tumors look abnormal and less like normal tissue.
Dont confuse tumor grades with cancer stages. Tumor grades help to determine the best treastment plan and normally a lower grade tumor is the best chance for a full recovery.
Nationalbreastcancer.org states these facts
⦁ "One in 8 women will be diagnosed with th ebreast cancer in their lifetime.
⦁ Its the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women.
⦁ Second leading cause of death in women
⦁ Its estimated that over 220,000 women in the US will be diagnosed with Breast Cancer and more than 40,000 will
But not all tumors are life-threatening. Experts say doctors can’t tell which breast tumors are harmless; so many mammograms produce a “false positive”. These false results can cause women to have surgery, radiation and other unnecessary treatments.
Assess how multi-disciplinary working can improve the provision of health services. Case study 2 Claire is a 47 year old single mother of three children aged 12, 9, and 7. She has cervical cancer, which is now at stage 3. Multi-disciplinary strategy If Claire has a cervical stage 3 cancer, she will need a multi-disciplinary strategy to help her stage of treatment and operation.
Lifestyle and environmental factors have been closely analyzed for any links that may increase breast cancer risk. During research, it has been found that newer lab tests that are more sensitive, can detect cancer cells that maybe have broken away from the tumor in order to help predict the recurrence of the
Women attaining lower incomes are more likely to experience the worst outcomes when they are diagnosed with breast cancer. Hence, studies have demonstrated that African American women are 40% to 70% risk of being diagnosed with stage 4
Working with Affiliates allows the collaborating partners to avoid repeating work, share resources and bring partners together with a common objective. The purpose is to detect the most complicated breast health in multiple communities and to safeguard the highest quality of breast
In the US, cancer is the second major cause of death. Cancer is the uncontrolled division of somatic cells caused by defective cancer cells. Usually, when cells divide, they begin to form a layer. Normal cells will experience contact inhibition, where cells can cease to replicate once there is no more space for it to inhabit. However, cancer cells cannot control their division.
Talk with your health care team. Ask them for information about your specific type of cancer, including the cell type and the stage (extent) of your cancer. This is helpful because
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women; however, invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common type of breast cancer followed by ductal carcinoma in situ (American Cancer Society, 2015). Ductal Carcinoma in Situ is a non-invasive cancer meaning that it does not spread to other parts of the breast (Mayo Clinic, 2014). The cancer stays in the milk ducts and is considered precancerous (Mayo Clinic, 2014). About 80% of the people that have ductal carcinoma in situ, were diagnosed by mammography (Breastcancer.org, 2015).
Bone cancer isn’t a very common cancer. It accounts for much less than one percent of all cancers. Around 2,300 cases of bone cancer are diagnosed each year. Bone cancer is a serious disease that has multiple different types and treatments.
The word cancer is probably one of the last words a person wants to hear, right? Whether it is you, a loved one, or even a close friend that has been diagnosed with it, it is one of the last things you want to hear from the doctor. Did you know that cancer is not just one disease? It is a cluster of different diseases that take healthy, normal cells and change them into abnormal cells that have an uncontrollable growth which spreads throughout the body. There are many forms of cancer that we could discuss, but for now we are going to focus on one of the most common and life-threatening cancer in females, breast cancer.
More and more people have cancer these days. It is almost like the plague that no one wants to talk about, and it keeps getting worse. • In the early 1900s, one in 20 developed cancer. •
Environmental factor plays a huge part in people who developed breast cancer that does not have a family history with breast cancer. Based on evidence from experiments conducted, people living in industrialized countries are more likely to develop breast cancer, and people who lives in non-industrialized places. This is because of all the synthetic chemicals that is in the products we consume and use daily. A major chemical we get exposed to is BPA which is found in plastic products. Exposure to large amounts not only will it cause cancer, it also affects a baby’s brain while he/she is still in the
The research team at Stanford Cancer Institute in California published their findings on how they have found genomic sequencing – a process that isolates genes that present high risk for disease – could be useful for determining a woman’s possibility of developing breast cancer. Mammography is the most common breast cancer screening method, where an X-ray of the breast is taken to check for tumors that would be too small to detect in simply just a clinical breast examination. The team working on the research looked to genomic sequencing where certain diseases can be identified through searching small sections of DNA. It has been claimed from past research that the genomes of women were sequenced and the genes ranked by risk and thus they
Breast cancer is cancer that grows from breast tissue [1]. Like other cancers, it occurs because of an interaction between external factors or personal behaviors, such as smoking, drinking and diet and about 5% to 10% of breast cancer cases are thought to be hereditary, meaning that they result directly from gene defects (called mutations) passed on from a parent [2]. Cancer is a foremost cause of death worldwide, 8.2 million deaths registered in 2012 [3]. Worldwide, among all types of cancer, breast cancer is the top type of cancer in women, accounting for 25% of all cases [4]. In 2012, it resulted in 1.68 million cases and 522,000 deaths [4].
In breast cancer, this abnormal growth begins in cells in the breast tissue. Women under 40 who are diagnosed with breast cancer have additional struggles than women 50 years or older, younger women face mortality earlier, have premature menopause, higher depression due to diagnosis and body changes from mastectomy. “Women under 40 diagnosed with breast cancer correlates strongly with the risk of local recurrence and with the odds of contralateral breast cancer. Given the high risks of local and distant recurrence in young women with invasive breast cancer, most (if not all) young patients are candidates for chemotherapy. It is hoped that by increasing breast cancer awareness, the proportion of invasive breast cancers that are diagnosed may lead to a reduction in mortality” (Narod, S. A., 2012).