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Breast Cancer Research Paper

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Breast Cancer is a disease which can affect both men and Women. In women it is basically a malignant tumour which begins in the breast cells. It can invade the surrounding tissues or metastasize to different areas of the body (American Cancer Society). It is a heterogeneous disease, so it has several causes or etiologies. There is a wide range of tumours that are classified into tumour profiles, many levels of treatment sensitivity and degrees in development (Polyak 2011).
Breast cancer is currently taking up one quarter of all cancers in females, and even though there has been a great progression in its treatment which has been observed in the last few years, the necessity of classification of recent gene goals that can be used for analysis, …show more content…

It is the process of growth by which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing blood vessels. In the developing Embryo the first vessels are formed by Vasculogenesis and then after that through the process of Angiogenesis the responsibility of blood vessel growth if not all is taken care (Bryan P Schneider and Kathy D Miller 2005). In cancer Angiogenesis is of particular interest as cancer requires formation of new blood vessels to grow and metastasize. When cancer cells releases vascular epithelial growth factors the characteristic changes and the cancer cells make their own blood vessel and attaches to the host blood and nutrient supply and also facilitate the spread of breast cancer …show more content…

Lymph nodes are the primary sites of breast cancer metastasis. The process of Angiogenesis is formed due to physiological and pathological stimuli where Hypoxia is the main stimulus (Adhemar Longatto Filho, et al 2010)
Metastatic breast cancer is otherwise known as stage 4 breast cancer is a stage where disease has spread to distant sites beyond the axillary lymph nodes. It also defines the spread of cancer to other parts of the body usually includes liver, lungs, bones or brain (Harmer 2011, p.117)
Some of the causing factors of breast cancer are as below.
It’s been found that 5-10% of breast cancers are hereditary and mostly attributed to BRCA1 AND BRAC2 which is tumour suppressor genes. Those who are born with abnormal copy of either of the above two genes
Metastasize or spread of cancer happens in the following ways.
• Cancer cells invade nearby healthy cells
• Cancer cells penetrate into the lymph system or circulatory

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