Bright's Disease Lab Report Sample

In this experiment, 0.95 mL of phosphoric acid, 0.75 mL of 2-methylcyclohexonal, and Drierite are added to a Hickman still. The prepared Hickman still is submerged halfway into a preheated sand bath. The temperature range was kept above 140 ˚C but below 165˚C to prevent the product from evaporating. The product collected in the ring of the Hickman still for about twenty minutes. Once the reaction was complete, the product was transferred into a pre-weighed vial using a slant Pasteur pipette. The percent yield of the recovered product is calculated, and IR spectroscopy and gas chromatography are used to analyze the purity and percent composition of different alkene

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic molecules found in every living organism. These macromolecules are large carbon based structures. The macromolecules are assembled by joining several smaller units, called monomers, together through a chemical reaction called dehydration synthesis. The resulting polymer can be disassembled through the complementary process called hydrolysis.Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio. This means that for every carbon atom present in the carbohydrate there are two hydrogen

The purpose of the study was to identify the unknown bacterium using various biochemical tests in addition to using scientific methods in determining the outcome of the hypothesis. Each biochemical test will help determine the bacteria based on specific characteristics of each organism. I was giving unknown number 232. The first procedure that needed to be done after obtaining unknown bacterial mixture was to isolate the two bacteria in a pure culture using the streak plate method described in Microbiology Laboratory Manual Eight Edition. The material used was trypticase soy agar (TSA) plate, nutrient plate, starch agar, hydrogen peroxide, iodine reagent and microscope. In order to obtain pure

In the first part of the experiment, Part A, the standard solutions were prepared. As a whole, the experiment was conducted by four people, however, for Part A, the group was split in two to prepare the two different solutions. Calibrations curves were created for the standard solutions of both Red 40 and Blue 1. Each solution was treated with a serial 2-fold dilution to gain different concentrations of each solution.

The purpose of this lab was to determine which of the following substances: wax, sugar, and salt, are an ionic compound and which are a covalent compound. In order to accurately digest the experiments results, research of definitions of each relating led to the following information: ionic compounds are positive and negatively charged ions that experience attraction to each other and pull together in a cluster of ionic bonds; they are the strongest compound, are separated in high temperatures, and can be separated by polar water molecules. A covalent compound forms when two or more nonmetal atoms share valence electrons; covalent compounds are also

This study was conducted with a partner, since some parts of the experiment were able to be done simultaneously. One partner prepared a TLC developing jar by pouring a small layer of 4:1:1 propanol/acetic acid/water into a developing jar. A solvent wick was made by wetting a piece of filter with the solvent, and it was placed in the jar. A silica coated TLC plate was obtained, and a spotting line was carefully drawn approximately 1.5 cm from the bottom of the plate using a pencil. Extra care was taken to not touch the plate with bare skin. Five spots were labeled on the line and each amino acid standard was spotted on the plate using a capillary tube. The standards included leucine, alanine, phenylalanine, and lysine. The final spot was an unknown mixture of three amino acids. After allowing the spots to dry, the plate was placed in the developing jar and allowed to develop. The TLC setup is shown in Figure 2. Once the solvent front reached a considerable distance, the plate was removed from the jar,

Leaky gut syndrome, or LGS, causes a wide variety of symptoms such as skin rashes, brain fog, constipation, diarrhea, and food sensitivities. Since these symptoms are also caused by other medical conditions, it is often difficult to pinpoint leaky gut as the cause of your problems. If you suspect you have LGS, talk to your doctor about being tested. He or she may recommend the lactulose/mannitol urine test. Here is some information about how it works.

In the control, beta-amylase was present unlike the experiment, which resulted in less molecules lingering.

Throughout the semester in AP Biology I’ve been able to cover several different topics. These include being able to identify biological processes that require energy, investigating and modeling ways organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes and investigating and explaining how organisms respond to changes in their environment. Over the semester I have been able to gain a full understanding and can demonstrate proficiency in each of these components of the curriculum. The work that I have completed involving these topics shows this.

The experiment shall use several concentrations of sucrose solution and a substance known as Methylene blue. A piece of potato/ carrot shall be placed in a boiling tube and the solution shall be poured into it. This tube shall have Methylene blue added into it. After incubation some of this solution shall be taken out with a pipette and inserted into a separate boiling tube containing the same sucrose solution however this solution shall be known as the pre-incubated solution. The drop shall be watched so as to see if the density of the water and concentration of sucrose has increased or not, displaying the water

Cell membranes are the semi-permeable membrane that surrounds all cells. It separates the extracellular environment from the intercellular environment. It is a phospholipid bilayer which contains various proteins, lipids and carbohydrates all serving different purposes. It is this structure which allows for the transport of nutrients, proteins and water. (Nature.com, 2014). Through extensive testing it has been found that small alcohols, specifically ethanol can increase the fluidity and membrane permeability of the phospholipid bilayer (Patra et al, 2005). The aim of the experiment was to test what effect that ethanol solution would have on the membrane

The concentration of the Amylase was kept at 1% at at times throughout the experiment.

In test tube B , dark-purple is given in test . It is different from the expected result. At 37℃, it should be a optimum temperature for the enzyme activity. There should not be the present of starch . Thus, there may be low amount of amylase in saliva which cannot break down the starch completely which give dark-purple colour . In test tube C , the iodine solution change from brown to dark blue which is different from the expected . It is because the amylase is denatured at 75℃ that the the activity of amylase is low or even stop. Therefore, the starch is not broken down into maltose by amylase. In the test D, a dark-brown solution is seen in the test tube after adding the iodine as the pH of the 1ml 0.5M HCl is not an optimum pH for the activity of amylase that the starch is broken down into maltose . Amylase may not break down the starch well. In test tube E, a colourless colour formed. It is because redox reaction occurred during the test. Idoine reduced into idoine ion ， which changre from brown to colourless. In test tube F, the iodine solution change from brown to purple . It is because the salt has a function of cofactor which will shorten the time for amylase to take to break down the

Ammonia in butanol was the appropriate solvent to use for the column chromatography of food dye. After testing for the appropriate solvent, the set- up for column chromatography was done (Figure 2.).

After a gram stain was done unknown #257 was identified as a gram positive organism because when observed under the microscope the organism appeared purple with cocci in clusters. The organism was also catalase positive which means that it produced enzyme catalase and bubbled when hydrogen peroxide was added to it.