The first element of the old view is that there was such a phenomena as the so-called industrial revolution, and the second is that this so-called revolution started with a British model from which other European countries followed. Cameron then identifies two main problems with
It happened through industrialization, in Europe in the late 1700. It resulted in long-distance and most thorough changes in the history of mankind. Moreover it is continuing its influence on our live nowadays. Ultimately, the countries that adopted technological and economic advantages ruled the most of the world. In this essay I am going to write about
Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain and the key factors are the technological advances that were invented. The social, economic and political changes in the preceding centuries in Great Britain subsidized. Whereas totalitarianism stayed the normal form of power execution through most parts of Europe, institutions ensured property rights and political safety to the people in the UK after the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Aided by these legal and cultural foundations, an capitalist spirit and consumer revolution drove industrialisation in Britain, which would be emulated in countries around the world. However, historians continue to debate when and how exactly such a "revolution" took place and of what factors propelled this turning point.
The revolutionary settlement led to the enactment of a bill of rights that fundamentally altered the society and social and political institutions. The new settlement set the country on a path towards a constitutional monarchy. The Bill of Rights is considered to be the beginning of a new order. It is also credited with being a critical event because it turned England into an industrial nation and was the divide between the ancient and modern ways. While the great chain of being was medieval, this Settlement put England on the path to modernity.
Robinson Crusoe was published in 1719, it was the beginning of the 17th century that had magnificent changes in the economic order. The rise of capitalism throughout the period individuals to a system of evaluation that varied a little from aristocratic tradition. An individual’s place in the society was determined by the type of profession one does within the society. According to () Robinson Crusoe represents a prototype of a culture, a religion and ideology (). He is then portrayed as a true Englishman who really loved to increase the English territory and its autonomy.
With the improvement transportation, Europeans traded manufactured goods with the Africans and they exchange for slaves and this slaves were used in America on plantations and C.W (2013) states that there occured mercantilism British government wanted to establish powerful economy and protect traders so they planned to mazimize utility so mercantilisit thought is related nationalism and then European countries were enrichment and this led to the Industrial Revolution in Britain and the industrial revolution expanded the capitalism in the United States. With the industrial revolution and capitalism , countries entered the new process, nationalism. Elder (2012) states that industrialization increased nationalism in some countries such as Germany and Italy. These countries have to increase the value or productivity and quality of good because they wanted to become one and greater to defend their countries so nationalism was more important in industrializing
This new approach to knowledge fueled the Industrial Revolution as geologists and engineers began to find coal and metal ores and provide the machines for mass production. The Renaissance was largely centered on Catholic Southern Europe; by contrast, the Age of Enlightenment was the time of Northern Europe, with France, Britain, Germany, and Holland becoming the real powerhouses, partly aided by wealth from empires dominating foreign
“Neoliberalism is in the first instance a theory of political economic practices that proposes that human well-being can best be advanced by liberating individual entrepreneurial freedoms and skills within an institutional framework characterized by strong private property rights, free markets and free trade”. (Harvey 2005) The idea of neoliberalism has evolved through different stages in the past and it has created many problematic outcomes as a result. Those stages mainly include classical liberalism (Adam Smith), embedded liberalism (Keynes), neoliberalism (Friedman, Chicago Boys) and the post-neoliberalism era(Harvey): The first stage involves the idea of classical liberalism which came from Adam Smith who is very well-known in modern economics. He believed that “the welfare of the society is realized when the individual is free to pursue his or her own interests”. (Adam Smith).
Based on our understanding of the meaning of ‘civil society’, we prefer to look it as the product of a nation-state and capitalism. The word ‘civil’ became popular as the feudalism decline in the 16th century as people now talked about how they have improved from a decent, primitive society to a more complex and civilize way of life. They spoke about the importance of manners and values at homes, schools and even government emphasis about it. As people became more civilized, ‘more class’ and more progressive social order emerged compared to the feudal era. Many philosophers sought to describe on the changes that were transforming the European nations and Western culture (Elias, 1994).
18th and 19th centuries are the start points of mechanization and industrialization .During this era, society was transformed from feudal structure to industrial society due to changing production systems. Europe was the most affected area within the changing production systems and building new type of society. Therefore, Many European thinker in that period built theories for the changing structure and reshaped it. Marx who influence following social scientists until today with his theories is one of those thinkers. In this paper, I’ll analyze Marx’s social theory, relations of production, social classes and the structures of capitalist society.