Broken Road In Malaysia

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Pasir Gudang highway is one of the major roads that connect Tampoi North in the west to Pasir Gudang, available in Malaysia. Pasir Gudang highway also has been a key component of Malaysia’s economic progress. This highway enables people and businesses to reach their destination in a specific time. In Johor Bahru, Pasir Gudang highway is mainly used to connect among Johor Bahru and Pasir Gudang area including Johor Port and Tanjung Langsat. It was built in 1977 and was completed on 1979 (Azmil, 2015). It has become a backbone of the road system that linking Johor Bahru to Pasir Gudang before the availability of Senai-Desaru Expressway (EDS) and Johor Bahru East Coast highway (EDL). There were

Unfortunately, after decades of operation since 1979, the traffic congestion and accidents are always happened especially during a peak hour. Several factor that lead to the traffic congestion especially at KM 1 to KM 27 included the broken road caused from road construction and heavy truck. Drivers need to slow down their vehicles since there were so many potholes and broken road in the highway that can cause an accident. The increases of time taken to reach destination due to traffic congestion are giving many negative impact especially to economies and human health. As example, Johor Bahru citizen who works in Johor Port. They have to go out early in the morning to avoid traffic jams. Normal time taken to reach the destination is around 30 minutes without traffic jams. And it will take longer especially during a peak hour and other factors like road accident. Even though there were alternate highway like EDL, road user still choose to use Pasir Gudang highway since the distance is more shorter than other alternate

The limitation is when collecting the data because it requires a long time to complete. The road design facilities without any emergency lane in Pasir Gudang highway makes it difficult to researchers to do a live observation and to distribute the questionnaire to each individual in Pasir Gudang highway area. It’s also taking a time to respondent fill in the questionnaire and collects back from them. Researcher needs to produce 100 questionnaires and distribute to the respondents.

1.7 Conceptual Framework

According to Sinclair (2007), it is important to consider relevant theory of the knowledge based on the phenomenon of the research at the starting phase of the research. A theoretical framework can be thought of as a map or travel plan in order to achieve the objectives of the study.
In this research, the researchers have constructed a theoretical frame to determine what are the factors should be looking at. The researchers find out the certain factors which contributing to traffic congestion at Pasir Gudang highway. It is not too difficult when the researcher constructed the theoretical framework since the researchers also are users of Pasir Gudang highway. The researchers are using dependent and independent variables as shown in