Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model Of Child Development

Parent-child interaction can be define as the communication and relation that is form between the parents and their child. Parent-child interaction is important to make them learn social rules and emotional prompts (Haven, Manangan, Sparrow, & Wilson, 2014). Through the years children can form different types of attachment with both or one specific parent. Also, according to attachment theorist, the type of attachment a child has with their parent will shape the way they see and think about themselves and others (Ontai & Thompson, 2008). The behavior of a child is greatly related to the relation and interaction they have with their parents.

A social constructivist viewpoint needs a view that teachers have a responsibility for understanding the nature and level of each child’s learning and to use that knowledge to build their practices in a way that is relevant for particular children in particular contexts. Such a viewpoint can notify practices for insertion that are based on a very dynamic model of children’s learning. Finally, contructivism 's utmost influence to education may be through the change in emphasis from knowledge as a creation to deliberate as a process. This legacy of constructivism to be expected demonstrates to be a fixed and significant modification in the structure of

The famous Swiss developmental psychologist, Jean Piaget in his theory also become our main source of theory to study about child development and changed the way we think about how children develop. His theory was important because he saw children as an active participants in their own learning. Between the four stages that have been stated in this Piaget theory, it is important to know which are the main stage that playing a crucial role because from there we know which one is shaping the most of development of a child. 1.1 The influence of nature versus nurture on child development. According to (King, 2008), child development involves in two theories which is nature and nurture.

It is important that they work with children 's parents and other agencies who are involved in order to gather all of the information about the child and their family so that they can keep on safeguarding the child. If a child is thought to be at risk the children 's social care have specific responsibilities in order to investigate and decide whether or not action needs to take place in order to keep children out of harms way. It is important that social workers carry out an assessment on children who are thought to be at risk in order to find out what the child 's needs are, the ability of the child 's parents to meet their needs and the family and environmental factors. It is important that they communicate with other agencies that are involved with the child and their family in order to find out other sorts of information from them that they may have some how missed out on. Social workers are expected to take immediate action if they fear that a child is under some sort of danger and not wait for other authorities to take action as it may be

It can be argued through popular opinions that nurture has a prominent role in child development, which is highlighted in Walker and Plomin's research article, where teacher's responses were in favour of the environment for behavioural traits such as personality, behavioural problems and mental illness. These results emphasise that a child is greatly influenced by their surroundings as they grow up and undesirable influences such as adverse family situation and lack of recognition of the importance of education can have detrimental impacts on a child's behaviour. Through the twin study it is also suggested that dizygotic twins only share similarities due to developing in the same environment (Walker & Plomin, 2005). For many individuals, there is the popular belief that sharing an environment will generally result in similar development. However, individuals will respond differently even if they share the same environment as their exposure and experience in their surroundings will cause differences in child development (Slee & Shute,

Ecological systems theory: This theory looks at a child’s development within the context of the system of relationships that form his or her environment. Bronfenbrenner’s theory defines complex “layers” of environment, each having an effect on a child’s development. This theory has recently been renamed “bioecological systems theory” to emphasize that a child’s own biology is a primary environment fueling her development. In this essay I will be focusing on the interaction between factors in the child’s maturing biology, his immediate family/community environment, and the societal landscape fuels and steers his development. Changes or conflict in any one layer will ripple throughout other layers.

One of the noteworthy factors that should be focused upon in order to gain insight into why people commit injustice to others or engage in pro social behaviour is “Morality”. Morality is internalised by children at a very early age and one of the factors that facilitate the internalization of moral standards is the socialization techniques utilised by their parents. Socialization is the process through which individuals acquire skills needed to function within their social group through the assistance of others, most notably their parents (Grusec, 2002). Through socialization, the individual internalizes societal norms signs and values.One of the key focus areas of socialization practices employed by parents are the internalization of morality

Structure interaction in the interaction between the layers and the layer structure is the key this theory. The global Microsystems, the influence of the two directions is strong and has a big impact on children. However, the interactions in the outside still can affect the internal structure. 2.4 Terms used in Mesosystem stage of child developmental process The term used in the rankings mesosystem mesosystem child development process Bronfenbrenner is where mesosystem explain how different parts microsystems children working together for the child. For example, if the guardian of the child plays an active role in school children, such as going to the seminar parents and watching a football game with their children, this will help ensure the overall growth of the child is progressing well.

The care she provides for the child will influence how the child perceives his inferiorities, influencing how he perceives himself. The father has a more indirect influence on the child. He is a role model for the child on being a worthwhile person, where he needs to contribute welfare to the family and society. Adler stressed that it is important for both parents to treat each other as equals so as to be a good role model for the child while the child develops his style of life. The style of life of the child is his attitude towards his inferiorities, where his attitude is influenced by his parental care.

Child Well-being When talking about child well-being it is important that we take the child as a whole into consideration. Children and young people should be healthy, respected, active, nurtured, given responsibilities, be included, be listened to and be safe from harm and be supported in achieving their maximum potential Moore, K.A., (1997). Psychological well-being and physical well-being are the two main elements of child well-being. We examine many aspects of the child’s life such as social developments and behaviour, psychological and developmental health, cognitive development and educational achievement etc Moore, K.A., (1997). Aistear created The Early Childhood Curriculum framework which focused on Child well-being.