INTRODUCTION
Reliance Digital is a one stop shop where digital products from over 150 national and international brands, consisting of over 4000 products, can be obtained. Not only the wide variety of products, but also the ambience of the store along with high customer satisfaction has resulted in it being one of the top digital retail stores in India.
A special feature of Reliance Digital is ‘ResQ’, an advisory and post sales service team who provide complete product life cycle support to the customer.
Another feature that distinguishes them is their value for money concept, which gives the best value of money in terms of TCO [Total Cost of ownership]
Many a times, the price that we pay to buy a product is not the only cost we face. There
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A budget is defined as plan relating to a definite future period of time expressed in monetary terms. It is an important tool of planning and control. Budgetary control is defined as a system of controlling cost through preparation of Budgets. It helps in bringing control and coordination in business operations.
At Reliance Digital, a budget value is set for the year. All the costs that they have incurred, the bills etc. are totally calculated at the end of the year and compared with the budget. If the actual values are well within the budget constraints, then the retail store is said to be profit, which is then posted to Profit and Loss Account. But, if they cross the budget, they are to report as making losses for the company.
Advantages of Budgetary control:
1) Thinking ahead, results in more comfortability in changing conditions.
2) Increases efficiency, reduces waste and control costs
3) Actual results can be compared against the Budget.
4) Motivates executives to achieve targets and goals and many more other
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are controllable to an extent. Most costs are controllable in the long run, but not in the short run.
Controlling wastage and loss of materials during production/ total costs of labour/ idle time of workers/machines :
In a service industry , there is no physical waste as such, since they are not manufacturing anything. There is the possibility of stock of products not sold. This will increase costs to the company. It is not profitable since they are not sold. To overcome this, offers , discounts, and all are given so as to attract the customers and earn profits.
Another way to control costs is by trying to prepare an accurate budget. This although time consuming, if done well, is extremely beneficial to the company since it controls waste. From the budget, a manager can decide what to sell, how much etc. , subject to
A spend analysis evaluates spending to keep costs down. The advantages of a spend analysis is that it contains detailed files on what a company buys, how much they spend, and who they buy from. By conducting a spend analysis the controller can consolidate purchases in order to increase buying volume with a smaller number of preferred suppliers. Although this analysis can be used to reduce cost it does have one disadvantage. Spend analysis do not account for nonfinancial questions behind purchasing decisions.
Two methods are used, direct and indirect as they track where” cash comes from and where it goes.” If one chooses to use the direct method the indirect method must be used, as the direct methods is beneficial in forecasting future cash flow, and indirect method reconciles net income/loss and ending cash balance (Haber, & Wallace, 2017, p.53). Moreover, this statement allows one to access where help is needed. In the case of Nordstrom, they’ve used the indirect method and the largest itemized expense is in the investment activity associated with capital expenditure, this may be associated with buying fixed assets such as land, building or equipment.
The overall budget combines elements such as revenue, operating expenses, assets, and income streams to allow companies to set goals and evaluate their general effectiveness. A departmental budget helps to predict the income and expense of a particular department to achieve its financial goals. A departmental budget allows the company to analyze the costs and expenses associated with a particular department and whether the company's income is sufficient to meet these costs. Moreover, it allows management
Office of Management and Budget Magaly Garcia PPA 603: Government Budgeting Instructor: Ian Cole March 30, 2015 Office of Management and Budget The Office of Management and Budget (OMB), oversees and coordinates the Administration 's regulatory, procurement, financial management, information technology, and information management policies. OMB assists the President in overseeing the preparation of the Federal budget and evaluates the effectiveness of agency programs, policies, and procedures, and works to make sure that agency reports, rules, testimony, and proposed legislation are consistent with the President 's budget and with Administration policies. (WhiteHouse.gov).
Entitlement spending refers to the funds used to provide Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and other welfare programs (Heritage Foundation, 2010). Over 20% of federal spending is spent on these types of programs and this number is expected to grow if reforms are not made (Heritage Foundation, 2010). According to the Heritage Foundation (2010), the main reason why entitlement spending must be checked on is because of its uncontrollable costs. There are different types of budget formats, but the purpose of all budget formats is to measure and permit accountability for performance or lack of performance in government (Lynch & Smith, 2004). For this reason, budgets include specific objectives, income and expenses for specific departments or
• Finance: Depending on how much the customised solution costs The benefits of each of the products/services to the user
Within the department, the budget process involves the planning and analyzing formation. The department searches and examines the issues occurring and inputs them into the budget. The DDS has included issues of local assistance to regional centers at the department level. The central budget office prepares its initial recommendations to the department level, and later modifies the budget based on the department head’s decision. Central budget office determines and creates estimations based on revenues.
2. TECHNOLOGY: Automation is led way to decrease in the cost of production. Techniques to optimize production means the suppliers will supply more at a lesser rate. Coca cola recently implemented the Siemens automation to increase the capacity of its bottling plants. This ensures that the capacity of the plants increased manifolds and thus lowering the cost of production.
Solution : Introduction: A budget is an estimation of particular commodity, quantity etc. It can be prepared for any number of days but generally it is prepared wither for a year or quarter... A budget may or may not become the actual outcome.
Overall, it will increase productivity in the workplace due to clearer objectives and better skills learnt and the organisation can keep track of employee perfor-mance. 1.2 & 1.3 – Identify & analyse development opportunities for career and personal
Budgeting can be defined as a solid process to decide the estimate of revenue and expenditure for the specific time period. This definition of budget serves for all, country, city, state, business or personal matter. It is observed that, each successful company never moves forwards without deploying budget process (Al-Shawabikah, 2000). So, talking about Personnel Budgeting, it is one of the crucial aspects of any business to keep labor or personnel budgeting in the mind at the start and end of the year to maintain or increase productivity and profitability of the business.
This is the comparison of the benefits offered by a company's product to its customers relative to the price it asks customers to pay. To do this, companies can influence the value proposition in one of two ways mainly. This can be done through long term brand building. They can also offer a relatively low cost to enhance value. Ultimately, the key is that customers perceive that the product's merits exceedingly justify its price.
In terms of controlling, the management of Marks and Spencer has frequent reporting of expenditures with costs to provide a form of feedback. The reactions of managers to such type of data rely on the expectations or the formal budget or planned targets. The management believes in collecting and assigning cost data that is being shifted away from control. There is a recognition related to the repetitive exercise of planning and re-planning for creating a full time job for accountants. The assessment and evaluation of cost data in the aspects of launching new product by Marks and Spencer is about gaining insights and learning ways for achieving the goals of organisation in most effective manner.
We will discuss four major advantages of effective budgeting: I. Budgeting compels managers to think ahead by formalizing their responsibilities for planning. 2. Budgeting provides an opportunity of managers to reevaluate existing activities and evaluate possible new activities. 3. Budgeting aids managers in communicating objectives and coordinating actions across the organization.
Increases Productivity: Redesigning their job functions and duties makes employees much comfortable and adds to their satisfaction level. The unambiguous job responsibilities and tasks motivate them to work harder and give best output. Not only this, it also results in increased productivity of an organization. Brings Belongingness in Employees: Redesigning job and allowing employees to do what they are good at creates belongingness in them for the organization. It is an effective strategy to retain talent in the organization and encouraging them to carry out their responsibilities in a better fashion.