In this lab certain safety precautions must be followed, these include wearing goggles at all times to protect the eyes from any dangerous chemicals, hot objects, acids, or glass wear should all be handled with care. If any chemical is to become in contact with skin, be sure to wash the affected area with soap and water immediately. Any mixtures should not be disposed until instructed. Before use of any equipment be sure that all equipment has been properly cleaned, otherwise chemicals used prior to this experiment may be remnant. When using the bunsen burner safety precautions must be taken seriously as one could easily be burnt. To prevent damage to the skin, follow these instructions carefully; tie long hair back, remove any loose clothing or articles that may come in contact with the fire, do not lean over fire, do not leave fire unattended, tidy area around the bunsen burner incase the burner is to tip and begin a fire. After safety precautions have been taken note of, preparation for the experiment should begin. To prepare for the experiment …show more content…
Once the elements have been mixed into compounds they can not be separated by hands. H2O is a compound consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom per molecule. This forms water which is inseparable. There are different types of compounds, commonly used compounds are ions, polyatomic and covalent compounds. An Ionic compound is formed when a non metal and metal are joined together. Polyatomic is formed when two or more atoms bond together with one over all charge. A covalent compound is made of two or more non metals. When writing covalent compounds prefixes must be used to determine the number of electrons. Compounds can only be formed when the valence electron shell is full on each atom. Electrons can be shared and borrowed from one atom to another to complete the valence electron shell. When compounds are mixed with other compounds reactions
Covalent bonding - Covalent bonding is when two atoms share electrons this can only occur between two non-metals. They share electrons to fill up their outer shells, this makes the atoms stable. A Covalent bond can form up to one to three Covalent bonds with non-metals depending on how much electrons they possess. They don't always share electrons
In a Beacon School, located in NYC, two-tenth - graders were seriously injured, leaving a boy with critical burns and another student with fewer server burns from her neck, head, and arm. Anna Peole, chemistry teacher was showing a “demonstration of rainbow flames” which will result burning of 4 different kinds of nitrates in separate crucibles in the classroom. However, the unstable amount of methyl alcohol hazes around the chemistry lab and explodes across the lab table surrounding Alonzo Yanes, a sophomore at the Beacon School. Alonzo Yanes was standing a few feet away from the lab table, where the crucibles were.
Students first prepped for the lab by cleaning out the crucible. Three boiling chips were added in the crucible once it was wiped out with a paper towel. The crucible was then placed on a clay triangle two finger widths above the Fischer burner. After 10 minutes of the crucible being directly under the flame, the it was clean and students allowed time for it to cool down. Next, the students from then on used tongs to transport the crucible from weighing it and back to the clay triangle.
But when they join with other atoms, like oxygen in the air, they form molecules. “In the year of 1837 and so forth, the pennies were made of copper, tin and zinc. Now, current
Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter(Doc.3). These small particles have a nucleus and a certain number of protons ,neutrons ,and electrons(O.I). The number of protons is independent to the element, and can be used to find it on the periodic table(Doc.2). Protons are positively charged particles(Doc.3).
In the generations of the immigrant labor of a Slovak family, the Dorejacks demonstrates the tough labor in America. In the novel “Out This Furnace” a captivating, non-fiction story, Thomas Bell suggests that immigrant labor in the early days was tough and factors like labor inequality, the relationship between companies and politics, and essential money shaped immigrants freedom. In the mid-1800’s George Kracha fled his country, Austria, under the ruler of Frank Josef, because of the lack of money and employment, Kracha couldn’t sustain his wife and mother (p.3). Moreover, Kracha’s story began when he arrived in New York to White Hill, he then migrates to several other cities but still in America.
Modifications of this procedure include the use of hot plates instead of Bunsen burners, and heating t-butyl alcohol to 60-65 ℃ instead of 50 ℃. Other modifications include the use of weighing boats to measure an amount of unknown instead of weighing paper, and completing one run of unknown 2 instead of two runs of unknown 2. Summary of
This results in elements combining together to create a molecule, with subscripts (if necessary). Lastly, particles are referred as formula units. (ionically bonded- metal to nonmetal). Labelling them include pairing a metal element to a nonmetal. This will result in elements names combining together.
Chemical compounds that are available to determine are CaCO3, CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, mgCl2, MgSO4, KCl, HCl, HC2H3O2, KNO3, K2SO4, NaC2H3O2, Na2CO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, HNO3, H2SO4, HNO3, H2SO4, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, K2CO3, 0.1 M AgNO3, 0.2 M BaCl, Mg(s), NaOH, and KOH. To start this experiment, start with the flame test by gathering a Bunsen burner and a Nichrome wire. Connect the Bunsen burner with a rubber tube to a laboratory gas. To prepare solutions for the flame test, weigh out 0.205 gram of Unknown Compound using an analytical balance and mixed it into a 140 mL beaker filled with 20 mL ionized water. Ensure that solid is completely dissolved using a stirring rod.
Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide - Lab Report Background Information/Introduction: The aim of this lab is to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide by converting magnesium to magnesium oxide. As an alkali earth metal, magnesium reacts violently when heated with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide and magnesium nitride as a byproduct. In order to obtain only magnesium oxide, distilled water was added so that magnesium nitride will react and convert to magnesium hydroxide. Further heating then oxidizes all of the magnesium into magnesium oxide.
Bromination is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction where one hydrogen atom of benzene or benzene derivative is replaced by bromine due to an electrophilic attack on the benzene ring. The purpose of this experiment is to undergo bromination reaction of acetanilide and aniline to form 4-bromoacetanilide and 2,4,6-tribromoaniline respectively. Since -NHCOCH3 of acetanilide and -NH2 of aniline are electron donating groups, they are ortho/para directors due to resonance stabilized structure. Even though the electron donating groups activate the benzene ring, their reactivities are different and result in the formation of different products during bromination.
Properties of Ionic and Covalent Substances Lab Report Introduction The purpose of this lab was to determine which of the following substances: wax, sugar, and salt, are an ionic compound and which are a covalent compound. In order to accurately digest the experiments results, research of definitions of each relating led to the following information: ionic compounds are positive and negatively charged ions that experience attraction to each other and pull together in a cluster of ionic bonds; they are the strongest compound, are separated in high temperatures, and can be separated by polar water molecules. A covalent compound forms when two or more nonmetal atoms share valence electrons; covalent compounds are also
Materials used in the experiment were as follows: A Mechanical Pen Stop Watch A Black Marker Eye Protection Thin String Scissors Five Metal Washers
As well, this study is also important because it could affect the manufacturing of the candles, in terms of amount of materials and dyes that should be added to the candles, especially from safety and environment perspectives. Evaluation: Limitation How This Limitation Affected Your Results Realistic Improvements The height of the candle used in the experiment was relatively small, which made the measuring process challenging.