Burn Injury Essay

Burn injury is a major cause of Acute renal failure. It is very common and leads to mortality. Finally it results in a complex interplay of various cellular and neuro – hormonal changes. In severe burn patients there will be a continuous homeostatic alteration. The aim of this study is to present the salient features in burn patients. There is a comprehensive understanding of the global physiologic changes underlying the condition of burn patients and a judicious interpretation of their continuous homeostatic alterations. Extensive burn injury encompass not only the coetaneous wound but also systemic changes associated with serious pathophysiological complications, one of which is acute renal failure (1) The incidence of acute renal failure in burn patients has

Serum potassium level greater than > 5.0 mEq/L they are correlating contributing factor to mortality, such as patient characteristics, burn size, time from burn to fluid resuscitation, time from burn to wound excision, incidence of sepsis, and the type and duration of dialysis, were evaluated. Multiple conditions contribute to early Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in the burn patient such as hypovolaemia, azotemia and hyperkalaemia (16).
Fluid shift and hypovolaemia
Increased vascular permeability causes extensive fluid shift manifested as both local and generalized oedema. These results in renal oedema, followed by Acute Renal Failure and sodium - potassium pump impairment also participate in giving rise to generalized oedema. Excess free water given in this period lowers the tonicity of plasma, which also results in renal oedema, followed by Acute Renal Failure (ARF) (17)
Urine output is the main parameter in evaluating renal function. Generally a urine volume of 0.8 - 1.0 ml/kg/h reflects adequate perfusion pressure. In oliguric condition the urine volume is reduced due to Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in burn patients.