COPD Case Study
Introduction
Committee on Ageing Issues (CAI) (2006) stated that the population in Singapore is ageing, so, the care of the elderly clients takes an important role in the Singapore healthcare system.
This paper discussed the elderly patient with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and how the patient with COPD should be assessed.
Pathophysiology
COPD is a chronic inflammatory condition that always affects the lower airway (Brashier & Kodgule 2012). Marin et.al (2011) believes that COPD is a debilitating disease which includes four conditions: fibrosis, emphysema, mucus overproduction and chronic bronchitis. Four conditions all related to small airway obstruction, firstly the effects of lung parenchyma damage as well as the absence
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Unlike asthma, the symptoms of COPD are slowly progressing and always onset in mid-life.
Diagnostic
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Tilert et.al (2013) also believed that inhalation delivery devices to deliver drugs to patients is a vital treatment for them, the two main classes of drugs include corticosteroids and bronchodilators, which helps in muscle relax, airway opening, reduce air trapping, and anti-inflammatory purpose. Choose the correct device to deliver medication to an elderly patient will increase the inhaler usage rate with a more effective way (Dhand et.al 2012).
Other managements also play an important role, such as, oxygen therapy, especially, long-term oxygen therapy, when elderly patient with low oxygen rate (less than 88% on room air), long-term oxygen therapy will be one of the treatment to treat hypoxemia (Guell 2008), and pulmonary rehabilitation in elderly patient to help improve exercise capacity (Puhan et.al 2011).
Conclusion
For elderly clients with COPD, the most important things are to choose the ideal method for treatments; teach them the method when proceed diagnostic tests and managements, and to quit smoking if they are long-term and heavy
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