Canadian Magazines
1) To what extent do you think the U.S.-Canadian magazine dispute was motivated by genuine desires to protect Canadian culture?
In determining if the Canadian government was acting to genuinely to protect culture, it is important to be clear on what culture is. The dictionary definition of culture is the beliefs, customs, arts, etc., of a particular society, group, place, or time. (Merriam-Webster) The question must be, then, to what tangible merit does acting to preserve a culture give a government? As far as the interests of the Canadian government go, how does defending Canadian culture further its interests as compared to defending the economic impact of foreign influences? While culture changes have an impact
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If culture stands as it is defined, as the beliefs, customs, arts, etc., of a particular society, group, place, or time, then one must ask when it is appropriate for a government to control beliefs, customs and arts. To control such things is in direct violation of natural rights, and has been a pattern of the most totalitarian governments of all time.
2) To what extent do you think the government of Canada was pressured to seek to protect its market because of the financial interests of the Canadian magazine industry?
Much research can be put into the practices of the Canadian Government, to determine the level of lobbying and other influence that business has on Governmental decisions in Canada. For brevity, it can be stated that such practices likely had a bearing on the Canadian Government. Internal metrics, such as revenue, employment, GDP and other economic factors that are closely tracked by governments are also a factor, if not the prime motivation for governments to act. Based on these factors, as well as the breach of ethics of defending “culture” as discussed above, it may be argued that the government was mainly if not wholly pressured to protect the market on financial
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The question of agreement can be given by an appeal to natural rights. Are people’s rights being taken away by the hunting of non-endangered whales? Sitting alone in nature, it can be argued that one has a right to nature. By such logic, and the fact that overfishing is a serious issue, weather endangerment is or is not a factor, wale hunting should not be allowed.
2) Do you think the whaling ban constitutes a violation of these nations ' sovereignty?
The question, again, should be, are these nations taking way the natural rights of others? If wale hunting does take away the natural rights of others, a ban does not violate sovereignty, but rather protects the rights of others (and the rights of the Whales).
3) How should these kinds of questions about cultural exemptions be settled? Should an international panel (such as a committee at the WTO) be asked to weigh the validity of such claims? Who should serve on such a
Officials had infringed upon the fundamental freedom in section 2 subsection 2(b), which concerns: the freedom of thought, belief, opinion, and expression. By confiscating specifically Little Sisters’ shipments of books and magazines, on the grounds of “obscenity”, Canada Customs halted and censored expression of gay and lesbian media. Additionally, Canada Customs was responsible for the infringement upon section 8 of The Charter, which pertains to the right of security against unreasonable search or seizure. Little Sisters’ shipments were repeatedly confiscated and detained, without just cause. Thirdly, Little Sisters’ right to equality under section 15 subsection 1 was violated because the discrimination they were subjected to was likely caused because of the fact that Little Sisters is run by and for the LGBT community.
To what extent do you think the U.S.-Canadian magazine dispute was motivated by genuine desires to protect Canadian culture? The production of the canadian magazine has been an important aspect in the canadian National identity,and has helped to impose on the canadians a sense of themselves and their own productions in media related issues. Various attempts to protect its sovereignity from denomination has been effected with some imposed protective tariffs on foregn magazines.it prohibited the importations of split run editions or parallel productions of foreign published magazines into the country.
Many Rules and regulations to bring about a Canadian culture were put into place. Specifically, Canada had begun to apply cultural protectionism in 1958, the Fowler Commission states that media broadcasters (counting the CBC) must offer 45 percent Canadian material. This meant more Canadian content was required to be broadcasted, rather than broadcasting mostly American media. This was one step in attaining a “Canadian” culture. Another rule put into place was The Broadcasting Act which received royal assent on June 23, 1936 was updated and passed on Feb. 7th 1968 to enrich Canadian culture.
In the sixteen years that Trudeau was in power, he created many acts that still hold their significance. Pierre Trudeau encouraged multiculturalism to contribute to Canada’s growth as a country. He claimed that there was “no official
At its foundational core Sir John A MacDonald’s National Policy, was created to assist and continue the growth of the still developing nation of Canada. Following the purchase of Rupert’s Land from the Hudson Bay Company in 1870, the federal government was tasked with vast fertile lands to defend from American encroachment, and in 1878 the conservative government of Sir John A. MacDonald brought to legislation a new National Policy. Which would remain in effect until the 1930’s. Now. close to a century later we can determine that MacDonald’s National Policy, while originally bringing our Nation together.
There are many moments in Canada’s history that served to define the country. Some of these moments include Confederation in 1867, the discovery of insulin by Dr. Frederick Banting and his assistant Charles Best, the implementation of free health Care, the Canadian and Soviets hockey series in which Canada won, and many more. But, as argued in this paper, is the Canada Act in 1982. (It is important to keep in mind the Constitution Act, 1982 was annexed as a part of the Canada Act and may be referred to in this paper.) The Canada Act served to give Canada, and its populace, the greatest amount of independence and freedom that it has ever experienced, politically, culturally, and legally.
Globalization is a many-faceted process which has benefits and repercussions in many areas. It has led to great developments through exchanges of ideas and technologies and has also caused deep conflicts within and among nations in different ways. While often conflicts arise economically, politically, or in the realm of intellectual rights, these are easier to understand and resolve than the varied and nuanced conflicts that arise between Globalization and Culture. Due to a long history of such conflicts, sometimes groups or governments take it upon themselves to initiate preventative measures in order to reduce the risk of damage or loss of cultural identity. One specific example of this preventative action began almost 100 years ago as Canada started issuing a tax on foreign produced magazines in the
I do think that the whaling ban is a violation of Norwegian and Japanese sovereignty. Chandler presents the idea behind the International Whaling Commission's ban in an article for Armstrong University (Chandler,
Institutional and historical analysis often portray the motives of governments, especially in the cases of Quebec separatism and Aboriginal mistreatment. History describes attempts at compromise to rectify the problems by altering political institutions to provide more autonomy to the provinces, witness in various accords and the methods described previously. However, in regards to Aboriginals a historical relationship of exploitation and eradication sheds on the systemic issues that Aboriginals cope with and the institutions that caused them. As scholars of Canadian politics, it is important to consider historical and institutional analyses when looking at any issue, as it reveals the underlying motives of actors in regards to the cleavages that comprise a state.
Director, writer, and producer, Gabriella Cowperthwaite, in her documentary, Blackfish, describes the shameless hunting and treatment of killer whales. Cowperthwaite’s purpose is to persuade us into opening our eyes to the reality of what we are doing to killer whales by confining them in captivity. She invents an emotionally wrenching tone in order to transmit to the adult viewers that living in captivity may not be acceptable life for the whales. The film effectively showed that the whales should not be kept in captivity by giving the audience examples of their signs of aggression and displays of emotion. Cowperthwaite begins her documentary by showing how killer whales can become barbaric when held captive.
In 2013, a documentary called Blackfish was released to the public. This film was produced, written, and directed by a lady named Gabriela Cowperthwaite, as a way to show the world how poorly whales are treated and why they do not belong in captivity. Blackfish also shows how little people really know about the beautiful and highly intelligent orca whale itself. Her film was seen by many, and touched the hearts of a lot people, taking the debate of the topic to a higher level. The movie hits on a lot of main issues about captivity, told by reliable people, along with proven statistics to go along with them.
The events in American history have also affected Canada from a political perspective, which lead to the Democracy that is present today. Another way the U.S. has affected Canada is from a military perspective because Americans are quick to jump to war and Canada has had to help control them which lead to them being peacekeepers. The United States helped mold the Canadian identity by being both a threat and support to the nation; this will continue into the 21st century but Canada will keep it’s unique identity. A country 's culture can be seen as interchangeable with identity; in Canada there is evidence of American culture everywhere.
Hunting has been a part of our society since the first man set foot on this continent, but animal rights movements have become popular in our society recently that has questioned the necessity of hunting in our modern times. Because of this, animal populations are left freely to where they can multiply at an alarming rate. Hunting is a great means of controlling animal populations’ growth, although greatly opposed by many. While hunting is a very controversial topic in our society, there are great points for being for and against it. Hunting is a way that humans see to keep balance of the ecosystem.
Some may disagree that hunting’s purpose is to hunt the animals only and not to destroy their ecosystem which is true sometimes. They agree
When we think of globalization we often times think of it in terms of interaction economically and politically between people, businesses, and nations. However, globalization also has a cultural interaction aspect which results in the transmission of ideas and values. With this interaction, therefore, societies are not static so cultures are always changing and culture being what it is, the knowledge and characteristic of a group of people, then consists of learned practices of behavior and beliefs. In this submission, I will discuss how globalization is thought to impact culture and this case, the historical culture of whaling in Norway and Japan.