Method In this experiment, we tested our hypothesis through the use of chromatography paper. Chromatography paper have the ability to separate colored chemicals or substances. We also used 10 grams of grinded coleus leaves and grass leaves, 90% acetone, magnesium sulfate, pencil, ruler, forceps, 1 capillary, 1 jar with lid, and a timer to conduct this experiment. We began this experiment by grinding the 10 grams of coleus leaves and grass leaves in 10mL of 90% acetone. We added a pinch of magnesium sulfate before we began grinding. Next, we lined our rectangular piece of chromatography paper 3 cm from the bottom. Using a capillary, we collected the chlorophyll extract made and gently applied it to the line. We did repeat this process six …show more content…
This Rf value indicates that the pigment is not very soluble in the solvent. The Rf value also helps one identify the pigment. My table also shows that the chlorophyll b pigment had an Rf value of 0.6. Lastly, my table shows that the xanthophyll pigment had an Rf value of 0.8. The Rf value of chlorophyll b is closest to 1, which indicates that the pigment is soluble in the solvent. The bands of color travel the greatest distance are more soluble than the bands that traveled less distance. In this experiment, we did not see chlorophyll a or carotenoids pigments. This could be due to the fact that we used coleus leaves and grass leaves, which do not have a large quantity of carotenoids or chlorophyll a. If we were to use spinach, then we would have seen a different concentration of pigments because the spinach leaf contains certain pigments at a higher …show more content…
Chlorophyll a absorbs blue and red and reflects green. The Elodea leaf should have had chlorophyll a on the chromatography paper. However, it did not for many possible reasons. The Elodea leaf chlorophylls could have been damaged in the grinding process, which could result in a lack of chlorophyll a. The bottle containing the chromatography paper could have been mishandled. The solution could have touched the pigment line, which would result in skewed results. My group ensured that we carefully moved the jar containing the chromatography to prevent the solution from touching the
In the “Candy Waterfall” project, the effects that size and shape have on the rate of mass flow are tested through the use of multiple different granular materials going through a funnel. In lower grade levels students are taught about the three types of matter: solids, liquids, and gases. What are not explained are materials like sand: you can stand on sand like a solid, but you can also pour it out of a bucket like a liquid. Materials like sand are known as granular materials. By testing the rate of granular flow, factories that need to put food into packaging will be able to package products properly if engineers know exactly how fast the item flows out of the machinery.
The Great Gatsby Published in 1926, “The Great Gatsby” written by Francis Scott Fitzgerald is novel that clearly portrays a young millionaire, Jay Gatsby’s destruction caused by unattainable love towards Daisy. This novel contains diverse themes, and two of the main themes are the futile of wealth and the American dream that causes the self-destruction of Gatsby. “The Great Gatsby” presents variety of symbolism through critically analyzing character’s actions and aspects of background. First of all, the green light is the most prominent factor that symbolizes the main protago- nist’s unattainable love towards his lover.
Because carbon dioxide is absorbed by the plant during photosynthesis less carbon dioxide present in the chamber is a sign that photosynthesis is working. The four lights used for this experiment range across the light spectrum on both sides in order to test a wider variety of wavelengths. All lights will be placed directly on the spinach leaf at the same distance so as not to give any spinach leaf a different light intensity, which could affect the data. This experiment will be able to show which light, ranging across the light spectrum, will allow the Spinach to perform photosynthesis more efficiently.
2. Experimental Part 2.1 Materials Starting deacetylated chitosans (Mws, 129.4 and 236.7 kDa) were prepared as described previously by Tiera et al. [27] from commercial chitosan (degree of deacetylation (DD) 86 %) purchased from Polymar (Fortaleza, Brazil). 2-Chloro-N,N-diethylethylamine hydrochloride (DEAE), folic acid, sodium acetate, acetic acid, dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC), N- hydroxylsuccinimide (NHS), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.
Solvent used in the elution process would be the mobile phase and solvents of different polarity would have a significant impact on the separation due to the varying solubility of compounds in different solvents. Hexane, being the less polar solvent, interacts mainly with the less polar analytes but very slowly with polar analytes. Therefore using hexane at the start of the elution process allows the less polar compound to be eluted out first. After the complete collection of less polar analyte, the mobile phase was changed to the more polar hexane/ethyl acetate solvent, which has stronger interaction with the more polar component, allowing it to be eluted out faster. The change in solvents throughout the elution process would allow for an effective and efficient separation of the compounds β-carotene and chlorophyll in the crude extract of green leaves.
The pigments of the Elodea leaf absorbed more white light than green light when carrying out photosynthesis. According to the bar graph below, the white light caused the leaf to produce a significantly greater amount of oxygen than green light (Graph 1). The graph also illustrates how the amount of oxygen produced during the first 10 minutes affect the gross photosynthesis. Both the red portion and blue portion of each column, which represents gross photosynthesis and net photosynthesis respectively, are larger for white light than for green light (Graph 1). The graph of the data provides an illustration of what the actual data numbers are representing.
Chromatography of Spinach Formal Discussion This lab involved the extraction of pigments from spinach leaves which were then analyzed using thin layer chromatography. The first step of this process was to grind up the leaves in order to extract the pigments. Hexanes facilitated this process and afterwards, the solution was dried over sodium sulfate to remove water.
Dark green seems to stay longest in the veins, outlining and defining them. During the summer, chlorophyll dissolves in the heat and light, but it is also being steadily replaced. In the fall, on the other hand, no new pigment is produced, and so we notice the other colors that were always there, right in the leaf, although chlorophyll’s shocking green hid them from view” (Ackerman 542). This quote explains the process of the coloration of the leaves. She also compares the difference of how chlorophyll acts during the fall and
The color is influenced by contact with substances like tobacco and food pigments. It may be localized or
With various heights among the three different plants, the results came to being blue light has the greatest impact. Blue light has a higher rate for absorption in the pigments. Pigments in the thylakoid membrane (chloroplast), contain two key types, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, these types have a slight difference in structure but absorb the blue and red wavelengths. Other accessory pigments absorb these photons between the red and blue spectrum (orange, yellow, green, etc). Another reason for the height is from the wavelength and energy that the blue light produces.
It is important for parents to make sure that they inspect their children's Halloween candy before allowing them to ingest it. Police stated that parents in Massachusetts found a disturbing object in their child's candy. The substance was blue. At first, it appeared like a nice treat. However, upon further inspection, the parents realized it was something dangerous.
Next, the amount of seedlings in the tray that expressed a green or white phenotype were both counted. The group observed that there were eleven total seedlings; eight of those seedlings were green and the three remaining were white. The next step in the experiment was to add up the class totals of green to albino seedlings, as shown in table 1. After determining a group phenotype ratio of 8:3 and a class ratio of 42:10, the group questioned what defect the white plants could have that might make the seedlings appear albino instead of green. The students concluded that a lack of chloroplast could explain why some of the seedlings were albino. The lab partners also decided that for a recessive, albino phenotype to be expressed, GG, Gg, and gg had to be the genotypes of the seedlings.
The 3 concentrations of enzymes were 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, and 2.0 ml of turnip extract, while the substrate consisted of 0.1ml, 0.2 ml, and 0.4 ml of hydrogen peroxide. In a separate tube, the control was made up of turnip extract and guaiacol, known as the color reagent. This was recorded the absorbance every 20 seconds for 3 minutes.
Experiment #7: Column Chromatography of Food Dye Arianne Jan D. Tuozo Mr. Carlos Edward B. Santos October 12, 2015 Abstract Column chromatography is the separation of mixture’s components through a column. Before proceeding with the column chromatography itself, a proper solvent system must be chosen among the different solvents. The green colored food dye is the mixture whose components are separated.
When carbohydrate is utilized, acids are formed which changes the colour of the medium from green to yellow