Essay On Coarse Powder

Materials and methods.

Collection and processing plant materials.

The leaves of Carallia suffruticosa were collected from Taman Pertanian, Terengganu. The leaves were cleaned from contaminants and air-dried by using oven at 45 °C for 48 hours until the weight of the leaves constant. Then, the leaves were grinded to powder by using domestic blender and the coarse powder is stored in airtight container.

Preparation of crude extracts.

The coarse powder was extracted with distilled water and methanol. For aqueous extraction process, the coarse powder was extracted with distilled water at a ratio of water to leaves of 10:1 (ml:g) for 30 min at 85 °C. The extraction process was repeated one more time. For methanol extraction process, the coarse powder was

Then, a drop of concentrated sulphuric acid was added. The appearance of purple colour, which rapidly changed to violet, indicated the presence of resins (Cuilel, 1994).

Test for tannins

2g of both extracts were weighed and placed in test tubes. Two drops of 5% ferric chloride solution was added into the test tubes. The appearance of dark green colour indicated the presence of tannins (Cuilel, 1994).

Test for steroids

1g of both extracts were weighed and placed in test tubes. The extracts were dissolved in 2 ml of acetic anhydride and 4 drops of chloroform were added into the test tubes. Then, 2 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid were added. The formation of brownish ring at interface of two liquids and the appearance of violet colour in supernatant layer indicated the presence of steroids glycosides (Cuilel, 1994).

Test for flavonoids

2g of both extracts were weighed and placed in test tubes. 10 ml of DMSO was added in test tubes. The mixture was heated. Magnesium metal and 6 drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid were added into the test tubes. The appearance red colour indicated the presence of flavonoids (Sofowora, 1993).

Test for