Carbon Fertilisation Effects

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CARBON DIOXIDE FERTILIZATION EFFECT

TEAM MEMBERS-
Aman Singhal
Nikhil Kedia
Rishi Gupta
Sukhsand Singh

Abstract:
The main objectives of this project are to assess the direct effects of rising atmospheric CO2 and indirect effects of potential climate changes on crop yield and growth.
Increased levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) have helped boost green foliage across the world's arid region over the past 30 years through a process called CO2 fertilisation, according to CSIRO research.
It has been found that this CO2 fertilisation correlated with an 11 per cent increase in foliage cover from 1982-2010 across the parts of arid areas studied in Australia, North America, the Middle East and Africa.
The fertilization …show more content…

This may produce 'downregulation of photosynthesis'; although, this is not universally the case.

The carbon: nitrogen ratio of leaves of plants is generally increased under CO2 enrichment. Plants may acclimate to elevated CO2 by requiring less rubisco and photosynthetic apparatus, which would lead to lower nitrogen contents. The overall change in Carbon:Nitrogen ratios is governed both by increases in structural and non-structural carbohydrates, and by decrease in protein content. However, seed nitrogen content is little affected.
Specific respiration rates can be shortened by both short-term exposure to elevated Carbon di oxide and long-term growth at elevated Carbon di oxide. The long-term effect may be same when respiration rate are reported on per unit nitrogen …show more content…

This increase is caused more by increased photosynthesis than by a reduction of water loss through partially closed stomata. Thus, more biomass can be produced per unit of water, although a crop would still require almost as much water from sowing to final harvest. If temperature rises, however, the increased WUE caused by the CO2 fertilization effect could be diminished or negated, unless planting date can be changed to more favourable seasons.

As the world continues to consume more fossil fuels, concentrations of CO2 will continue to increase. Other greenhouse-effect gases, such as CH4, NO2 and CFCs substitute,perhaps tropospheric ozone, will likely expand also. The effect of CO2 fertilization on plants will rise and climate changes may happen because of the combined increase in all greenhouse-effect gases. Agriculture could adapt to gradual regional climate changes, but fast changes can be more serious. Adaptation actions could include the following:
Selection of plants which may better utilize carbohydrates at elevated

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