1. List the structures and functions of the cardiovascular system. Do not forget blood and vessels are part of this system. The cardiovascular consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. It has three functions one of them is that it transports nutrients, oxygen and hormones to cells throughout the body and removes wastes such as carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste.
Section A – Part II Cardiac cycle or heartbeat Blood enters and fills both atriums at the same time. When full the pressure causes the tricuspid and bicuspid valves to open and flows into the ventricles. Contraction (systole) of each atrium now forces any remaining blood into the ventricles. The ventricles now contract (systole) and atriums relax (diastole). The pressure closes the tricuspid and bicuspid valves (causes the first sound of the heart beat).
NATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY In this assignment the author will describe the functions and structure of the main systems of the body and their interrelationship. 1. Explain the Function of the Heart and the structure of the Arteries, Capillaries and Veins: Function of the Heart: The heart is a muscular organ in humans which pumps blood through the bold vessels of the circulatory system. Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients and also assists in the removal of waste. The heart is a pump that drives the whole circulatory system.
Aorta largest artery in the body, made up of three layers the intima, the media and the adventitia. It takes blood away from the heart to the organs, via the hearts muscular pumping chamber in the left ventricle. This pumps blood into the aorta through the aortic valve.
Our hearts serves as biological pumps responsible for pumping blood through blood vessels to body tissues. The hearts pumps blood by undergoing cycles of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) in what is referred to as cardiac cycles. Each cardiac cycle, therefore, represents one heart bit. The number of heart bits per minute is referred to as the heart rate. The pumping mechanism of the heart is dependent on the pressure differences created in the chambers of the heart following the contraction and relaxation of heart muscles.
Thus, the pericardial cavity allows the heart movement to be flexible. The pericardial cavity surrounds the heart totally except at the inlet and outlet of the cardiac vessels, where they form two significant tubes. One of the tubes serves as an interconnection to the inferior and superior vena cava and the pulmonary veins, whereas the other connects the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. Blood Supply and Innervation of the
This muscle tissue is also known as myocardium which forms a thick layer between the outer layer of the heart wall(the epicardium) and the inner layer(the endocardium). Myocardium(cardiac muscle tissue) is made of individual heart muscle cells, known as cardiomyocytes which is then bonded together by intercalated disc, and all the cardiomyocytes and intercalated disc are encased in collagen fibers. Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle requires a form of electrical stimulation to contract and relax. This stimulation allows calcium from the cardiomyocytes to release which causes the cell’s myofilaments to move along one another in excitation contraction coupling. This process of excitation contraction coupling is what allows the electrical stimulation to be turned into a mechanical response, i.e.
The natural pacemakers of the heart called SA (Sino-atrial) node. SA is in the grooves where the superior vena cava meets the right atrium. After SA generates electrical signals, the cardiac impulse travels across the walls of the atria causing the atria to contract. The impulses generated by the SA node are also transmitted to the atrioventricular (AV) node located in the lower part of the right atrium near the right ventricle. When the electrical signals reach the ventricle walls from pacemakers, ventricles contract and builds up the pressure which pushes blood and opens semilunar
The human heart pumps blood through the arteries, which connect to smaller arterioles and then smaller capillaries. In this assignment, we will discuss the arterial blood pressure from several aspects, include definition, normal values for blood pressure, the most important factors affecting it, the mechanism involved in arterial blood pressure regulation, and the relevance between the pressure and the eye. Definition of blood pressure, it’s Normal value, and the factors that determine arterial blood pressure under physiologic conditions. Blood pressure refers to the force exerted by the blood against the inner walls of the blood vessels . This pressure produces when the heart contracts during the heartbeat cycle, which forces blood out
The circulatory system dispenses oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products, hormones and heat from the body to the tissues. It consists of the heart and blood vessels. The main function of the circulatory -system is to transport oxygen, hormones, and nutrients. The heart, which is the hardest working organ is located in the body’s thoracic