The theory can be put into practice by a) encouraging healthy behavior and through proper maintenance. For example, studying the behavior pattern in sickness can permit unhealthy practice of an individual to be taken into consideration. Similarly, analyzing beliefs of an individual can be helpful as it will help to change the behavior pattern. b) It has been seen that health psychologist try to study treatment and preventive strategies of “illness”. By adapting different coping strategies one can easily prevent the onset of different illness.
Health impairing behavior, have harmful effects on health or otherwise prek2dispose individuals to disease. Such behaviors include smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and high dietary fat consumption. The Smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, gaps in primary care services and low screening uptake are all significant determinants of poor health, and changing such behaviors should lead to improved health. (Adler, et al, 1994). Health Protective Behaviors (HPBs) Health protective behaviors (HPBs) are individual actions taken to protect, promote, or maintain health.
The physician must diversify his/her approach to include a small amount of counselling, necessary in order to examine a patient 's interactions with his family, peer group and society as a whole. These non-biological issues may actually be the cause of a biomedical problem. Traditionally, treatment was administered for immediate problems. Illness was typically seen as the manifestation of disease, which can be cured solely by treating the body. In 1977, George L Engel identified that illness has biological, psychological and sociological dimensions.
Communication about patient safety can be categorized into: prevention of errors and responding to effects caused by errors (adverse effects). The use of effective communication techniques amongst health care team can help in the prevention of errors, whereas ineffective communication contributes immensely to its occurrence. If ineffective communication contributes to an unfavourable event, then better effective communication skill must be applied to achieve the most favourable or optimum patient safety. There are different approaches and techniques in which healthcare personnel can work to improve patient safety and they include both verbal and the nonverbal communication as well as effective use of appropriate communication technologies. Bramhall (2014) highlights that common barriers to effective communication for patient include environmental such as noise, lack of privacy and control, fear and anxiety, inability to explain feelings and exerting oneself to appear strong whereas healthcare professional barriers include lack of time and support, staff conflict, lack of skills to adequately cope with patient’s questions and overwhelming
There is much overlap when discussing quality and safety in nursing, but it is important to realize that both have their own skills and knowledge essential to the competency. Quality is measuring the rendering of a specific process or action and comparing the data to benchmarks. If the standards are not met then quality improvements are implemented in the hopes of meeting those standards. Were safety is the proactive action of preventing mistakes from occurring, such as knowing a patient is at risk for following and taking precautions such as assisting the patient during ambulation’s. Safety is looking at the environment around you for potential areas of hazard and using critical thinking to make changes for the better of you, co-workers, and patients (Sherwood,
In survival analysis, Time to event (TTE) models are very useful tools to relate pharmacology with the clinical efficacy. In a TTE model, a function called ‘hazard function h(t)’ describing the rate at which the event can occur as a function of possible predictors is defined. In oncology, the event would be considered as death. Hence, these models could correlate dose response with overall survival which could also able to predict the patient response to therapy and
The general design steps for health monitoring are summarized below: Fig 3.1: General Steps in ANN Based Medical Diagnosis The system gets patient's information to predict the diagnosis of a certain disease. After the target diseases are set up, the following step is to appropriately select the features (e.g. symptoms, biochemical analysis, and other information) that give the information needed to discriminate the different health states of the patient. This should be possible in different ways & careful determination of suitable features must be completed in the first stage. After training and verification, the system can be used in practice to predict the diagnosis.
If we do not consume sugar in moderation it can cause many unwanted and life-threatening effects on our brain and body. It can cause health problems like fatty liver disease, diabetes, heart disease, tooth decay and bad cholesterol. It can also cause drowsiness, premature obesity, diabetes and heart disease in children as well as tooth decay and cholesterol problems. Sugar also slows down the metabolism causing the weight loss cycle to be harder and longer. What is sugar?
As they are more likely to smoke, drink alcohol, have diets high in salt, cholesterol, and fat, take medications incorrectly, have poor health and suffer from many illness. Also, they are less likely to exercise, have good control of their medical conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure and unlikely to know early symptoms of stroke or heart attack. People with high health literacy, they have a greater understanding of when to seek treatment and reduce the use of health services. They are more knowledgeable about the actions they make to manage their own health such as what medication to take. However, people with low health literacy will find the healthcare information and services difficult and unsure how to take care of their health.
Coping with chronic illness cam have great ramifications on self-care demands and as illustrated in the theory of self-care deficit, patients enter moments of fluctuating states of health and illness which correspond to various levels of self-care deficit and agency. The APN (Advanced Practice Nurse) is specially prepared to assist patients with end stage renal disease not only recover, but also maintain self-care agency. In the setting of Mr. M, diagnosed with dementia and end stage renal disease, the advanced practice nurse can provide excellent guidance that addresses self-assessment by the patient, adhering to medication and diet regimens, imparting disease maintenance knowledge, social support and utilization of resources. The advanced practice nurse is well equipped with great communication skills, that enable building of therapeutic relationships with the patients. They can also elicit a patient’s expectations, perspectives, goals and values, all while providing patients with self-care information that enables them to participate