Week 3: Sacred Goddess: Ideas about Femininity
China is an appearance driven society where heavy emphasis is placed on a woman’s aesthetics and femininity rather than their talents and achievements. (Chan & Cheng, 2011) Women are constantly under pressure by their peers, family and society to chase the ideal standards of physical beauty. This has caused the beauty economy in China also known as “mei nü jing ji”, to thrive (Zhang, 2012). Many take radical measures to “fix” physical qualities that are deemed flaws. Some characteristics that are associated with femininity and are extremely sought after China include fair skin, big, bright eyes, and a small and delicate soft nose. The feminine characteristic most sought after in China is fair
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Thus, fair skin is linked with urban residency along from being in a wealthy family. Additionally, those who are more wealthy are able to splurge on skin whitening procedures and products and are more likely of being able to achieve fairer skin. This creates a greater divide between the two social classes as this can cause those who cannot afford such procedures to be stigmatized. Nevertheless, importance of having fair skin is not supported in all cultures. For example, in Western societies, femininity includes having bronzed and tanned skin. This is often linked to beauty, health and high socioeconomic status as they are wealthy enough to travel around the world (Garvin & Wilson, 1999). However, it can be seen that Asian cultures tend to prefer fair complexions, including Japanese, Korean and Indian cultures (Johansson, …show more content…
Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach, who won Miss Universe in 2015, is 5 ft. 8 inches, and had barely met the minimum height requirement needed to enter (Lasco, 2016). Since this is a competition to determine the beauty, this suggests that the Philippines society believe that being tall is a characteristic associated with femininity. However, the fact that she won Miss Universe, a competition between countries from all around the world, suggests that whilst she is considered borderline short in Philippines, other countries view being 5 ft 8 inches tall and
In the article “Traditions Subordinating Women”, Bonnie S. Anderson and Judith P. Zinsser explore the very strong opinions, theories and beliefs of female subordination within the eyes of various origin cultures through stories, passages and history itself. This article gives a vast understanding of a woman’s role, the purpose of her body, what is expected of her, society’s double standards and how literature and poems portray women. Before Christianity, there existed many old cultures such as the Greeks, Romans, Hebrews, Germanics and Celtics, who all came in agreement to preserving the subordination of women. A woman’s main duties were to remain faithful to her husband, to be fruitful and to preserve and nurture her home. A woman was incapable
As seen in Greenhalgh’s and Winckler’s book, the one-child policy resulted in many single daughters, who received all the attention from their parents and while it may have been a blessing to some, many of the “hottest and best paying jobs… are open exclusively to young women with good looks and sex appeal,” (Doc D). This statement portrays that women are thought of as objects, with prospective employers only looking at their physical appearance, not caring for their education of inner self. However, this also portrays the gender inequality exhibited by China, and shows that women in China only receive jobs because of how they look. This compares to Fitzpatrick’s article, as the practice of female infanticide, killing female infants, also became common practice in some area’s after the one-child policy was put into use (Doc E). It had long been known in China, that boys were more valuable than girls, and this practice further goes to show the chasm, between boys and girls in Chinese society.
In the book Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China by Jung Chang, the author talks about the stories of her grandmother and mother as well as herself during their journeys as women in China. The book discusses how gender roles, political ideology, and economic ideology in China change over time. During the entirety of Chinese history, many changes and continuities transpired and had crucial impacts on China. However, a great amount of change occurred during the time period from the 1900s to present day. These changes and continuities incorporate happenings in areas concerning the treatment of women, political structure, and economic capacity.
Since 1969, the inter-governmental organization United Nations with the help of member states have tried to eradicate racism by drafting resolution papers and putting into action that everyone should be treated accordingly and that no one person should be discriminated according to their race, gender, language or religion. As citizens of the free world, these so-called “China Dolls” are still entitled to their rights and should be treated with respect. Currently, there are no existing laws or bills passed to eradicate the stereotyping of East Asian women as China dolls, but this is solely the responsibility of the people to prevent further
Throughout society and literature, there are various gender roles that once established, they became a norm which led to many characters and views to blindly follow such roles. Despite that, there are people and authors alike who try to break down gender roles and try get others to rid themselves of traditional gender roles. One such author is Noelle Stevenson, the creator of the graphic novel Nimona, which follows the story of a supposed young girl who can shape shift while being the sidekick of the notorious villain Ballister Blackheart. Stevenson, though breaking away from the majority of gender norms, still purposely includes some inside of Nimona herself, such as the ‘damsel in distress’ trope. This is due to Stevenson attempting to show her readers that
Throughout Chinese history before the Tang and Song dynasties, the daily lives of women and issues from their perspective have not been adequately recorded, due to a male dominated society. However, from the Tang to the Song dynasty, visual and material sources appear which further explains the status of women in society, cultural values, but most importantly, examples of acts of courage, selflessness, and strength. The discussion of women starting with the Tang dynasty is especially important since this is the start of open-mindedness and liberal ideas resulting in women in politics, a woman as empress, and even freedom of expression through poetry and art. However, once shifting to the Song dynasty, the status of women declined further in
Chung accepted herself the way she looked and learned that the definition of beauty is “one that embraces differences and includes every girl, who can hold her head up, sang ka pul-less and chinky-eyed” (108). She hoped that her awakening about true beauty and acceptance would also help other Asian females, especially her mother realize that they are beautiful just the way God created them (Finding My
The Homeric Hymns portray Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis and Hestia as strong females who uphold their own beliefs; challenging the “typical” gender stereotypes of the time period. Women in antiquity were expected to follow and uphold certain societal rules, most of these rules emphasized the gender stereotypes that women were perceived as being. The use of the goddesses powers challenge these societal rules and ideas about women. Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis, and Hestia are portrayed in the Homeric Hymns in contrast to ancient stereotypical roles of women being confined to the household; as a result this contrast emphasizes that women can showcase strength, intelligence, and power within society. A women’s life in antiquity was constricted by
Not Just a Bowl Beauty is one of the main foci in society today where selfies, beauty enhancement or plastic surgery, celebrities, and the media reign over society—constantly defining what people should aim for in terms of appearance. Appearances are everything to many people rather than inner beauty such as character and values. In turn, this beauty-obsessed world has led to people becoming more shallow, superficial, and unaccepting towards anything besides the “norm.” It is quite ironic to have a “norm” considering how each individual is different and live in different cultures and such. People are not meant to be or look the same neither should they adhere to a certain standard in which someone else has established.
In ancient times, there is a general sense that women were simply items and slaves to their husbands. Ancient Greece specifically has a renowned reputation of favoring men. Men possessed the dominant role in public affairs and events while most women were pressured to stay at home. Very few records extensively discuss women; the records focus mostly on men. Despite the lacking records, it is certain how ancient Greeks viewed their women and their relationships with their male counterparts.
The Cult of True Womanhood in “The Yellow Wallpaper” In her essay “The Cult of True Womanhood: 1820-1860”, Barbara Welter discusses the expected roles and characteristics that women were supposed to exhibit in accordance with the extreme patriarchy of the nineteenth-century America. The unnamed narrator in “The Yellow Wallpaper” is seen to conform and ultimately suffer from this patriarchal construct that Welter labels the Cult of True Womanhood. The narrator falls victim to this life of captivity by exhibiting several of the fundamental characteristics that Welter claims define what a woman was told she ought to be.
Patriarchy is the typical system in a society where the male holds the most power over a female. Multiple civilizations have been this way for centuries. There are many aspects that caused this division between the two genders. The causes in the development of patriarchy from the Paleolithic Eras to the Neolithic Eras are the creation of civilizations, home environments ,and agriculture. Each one of these causes lead to one another because they have a “chain reaction.”
Throughout history, women have been second fiddle to men. Females have been degraded, disrespected, and undermined; they’ve been ignored, silenced, and gone unheard. This gender inequality is present even in The Odyssey, though it includes many important female figures. Penelope, Calypso, Circe, and more are all crucial to the plot, and some even responsible for the happy ending, yet when inspected closely female stereotypes emerge. The majority of the women are presented as seductresses, the others as mothers, and almost all as fragile and dependent on men.
Over generations, the role of women in society has shifted and changed immensely, improving upon many aspects of rights and values that women have. The changes occurred gave women opportunities to provide ideas, to have the same rights as men, giving women freedom, leading to many contributions of many significant and valuable events. But from current roles of women being equal to those of men, how women stood in ancient society significantly differs and contrast with ours today. Throughout history, the role and significance of women were always outweighed by the dominance and influence of men. The role of women in ancient times varied throughout, depending on the place and area in the world, in which women had different roles and impacts on their own society.
Chinese women suffer from the unfair notion for thousands of years. The basic requirements of being virtuous women are “Three Obediences and Four Virtues (三从四德)”. The “Three Obediences” were “obey your father before marriage (未嫁从父); obey your husband when married (既嫁从夫); and obey your sons in widowhood (夫死从子)”. And the “Four Virtues” were “Female virtues (妇德)”, “Female words (妇言)”, “Female appearances (妇容)” and “Female work (妇功)”. (Sun, 2015).